Kuti tinzwisise izwi rekuti Reverse Osmosis, tinoda kutarisa kumashure munhoroondo yeOsmosis mumunda wesainzi. Maitiro Osmosis, ane nhoroondo refu asi kubva pakuona kwesainzi, yakatanga kuwanikwa muna 1748 naJeanAntoine Nollet. Nollet akakwanisa kudzokorora maitiro e osmotic achishandisa dundira renguruve semembrane kuratidza kuti mamorekuru anonyungudutsa kubva kumvura yakaderera solute anogona kuyerera nemumadziro edundira mune yakakwira solute concentration. Kuedza kwakaratidza kuti chinonyungudutsa chinogona kuyambuka semipermeable membrane nemaitiro echisikigo osmotic pressure uye kuti solvent inoramba ichipinda mukati mesero membrane kusvika yasvika pakuenzana kune simba kumativi ese esero.
Mushure mekuwanikwa kweosmosis, chidzidzo pamusoro penyaya iyi chakanyangarika kwemakore anopfuura 200 kusvika pakupera kwema1940, apo vaongorori vakatanga kuongorora zvakare nyaya yacho. Kufarira kwakamutsiridzwa uku kwaibva pachishuwo chekutsvaga nzira yekusefa kana kubvisa munyu mumvura yegungwa, chinangwa chakaiswa neveKennedy manejimendi kubatsira kugadzirisa dambudziko rekushomeka kwemvura munyika. Makore makumi maviri gare gare, vaongorori vaviri, Sidney Loeb naSrinivasa Sourirajan vakabudirira kugadzira inoshanda synthetic RO membrane kubva papolymer ye cellulose acetate. Mumiyedzo yavo, mutumbi wemvura ine yakakwira solute yemukati yakamanikidzwa kuburikidza nehunyanzvi membrane iyo yaiita sesefa yaingobvumira mamorekuru emvura kupfuura achidzinga NaCl (munyu) uye TDS. Mvura yakachena yaikwanisa kupfuura pamwero wakanaka kugadzira mvura yakacheneswa, inonwika, uye membrane yaive yakasimba uye yaigona kushanda pasi pemvura yakajairika uye mamiriro ekushanda.
Nzvimbo yekutanga yekutengesa RO chirimwa chakavakwa California nerubatsiro negwara raJoseph W. McCutchan naSidney Loeb uye muna 1965 chirongwa chayo chekuyedza chakakwevera pfungwa dzemainjiniya nehurumende kubva pasirese. Hope idzi dzinoshamisa, dzekuti rimwe zuva vanhu vaigona kubvisa munyu pamvura yegungwa pamwero mukuru uye zvinokwanisika, zvakazoitika. Kufambira mberi kwakakura nekukurumidza apo zvirongwa zvitsva zvevatyairi zvakatanga kune imwe nzvimbo seLa Jolla neFirebaugh California kuyedza marudzi akasiyana emvura ine brackish uye yegungwa. Izvo zvitsva uye zvakawanikwa zveizvi nevamwe vazhinji vanopa zvaizoita kuti membrane tekinoroji ive yakakosha uye inokwanisika uye inopa mabhenefiti emvura yakachena kune akawanda maindasitiri anorema.
Nhasi, reverse osmosis uye membrane filtration zvinhu zvinoshandiswa kuzviuru zvemaitiro akasiyana uye mashandisirwo kutenderera pasirese uye iyi indasitiri inotarisirwa kuramba ichikura isina kudzikama mune ramangwana riri pedyo. Nezvitubu zvemvura yakachena zviri kuramba zvichishomeka uye nekuramba kuri kuita gwenga renyika, zvidyarwa zvihombe zve reverse osmosis zvino zvinopa mvura zhinji yakachena inoshandiswa nemamwe maguta uye kunyange nyika diki. Vanhu vazhinji havazvizivi iye zvino, asi munguva pfupi iri kutevera mvura yakachena ingakurumidza kuva imwe yezvinhu zvinokosha zvikuru panyika ndosaka RO tekinoroji iri zvechokwadi imwe yebudiriro yesainzi yepamusoro munhoroondo yevanhu.
Nguva yekutumira: Nov-02-2021