Yintoni umahluko we-membrane ye-ro phakathi kokuvavanywa kovavanyo olusemgangathweni, ukubuyiswa kokwenyani, kunye nokubuyisela inkqubo?
1. UkuBuyiswa koVavanyo oluMgangatho
Ukubuyiswa okusemgangathweni kwamacandelo e-membrane yisantya sokubuyisela esamkelwe ngabavelisi becandelo le-membrane phantsi kweemeko zovavanyo oluqhelekileyo. Izinga lokubuyisela umgangatho wamacandelo e-membrane yamanzi e-brackish yi-15%, ngelixa kumacandelo e-membrane yamanzi olwandle yi-10%.
2. UBuyiselo Okwenyani
Ireyithi yokubuyisela yokwenene yamacandelo e-membrane ibhekisela kwisantya sokubuyisela i-membrane yamacandelo ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Ukuze kuncitshiswe izinga longcoliseko lwezinto ze-membrane kunye nokuqinisekisa ubomi benkonzo yabo, abavelisi bezinto ze-membrane benze imimiselo ecacileyo malunga nesantya sangempela sokubuyisela i-membrane enye yezinto, ezifuna ukuba isantya sokubuyisela kwi-membrane nganye ye-1 yeemitha ubude akufanele idlule i-18%. Nangona kunjalo, xa i-membrane element isetyenziselwa unyango lwamanzi kwinqanaba lesibini inkqubo ye-osmosis ye-reverse, izinga lokubuyisela langempela alikhawulelwanga oku kwaye livunyelwe ukuba lidlule i-18%.
3. UBuyiselo lweNkqubo
Izinga lokubuyisela inkqubo libhekiselele kwireyithi yokubuyisela ireverse yesixhobo se-osmosis ngexesha lokusetyenziswa kwangempela. Izinga lokubuyisela inkqubo liphenjelelwa zizinto ezahlukeneyo ezifana nomgangatho wamanzi okutya, inani kunye nokulungelelaniswa kwezinto ze-membrane, njl njl. Izixhobo ezincinci ze-osmosis zokubuyisela ngokubanzi zinemilinganiselo ephantsi yokubuyisela inkqubo ngenxa yenani elincinci lezinto ze-membrane kunye nokuhamba kwamanzi okuhlamba okufutshane, ngelixa izixhobo ze-osmosis ezinkulu zemizi-mveliso ngokuqhelekileyo zinezinga lokubuyisela inkqubo engaphezulu kwe-75%, ngamanye amaxesha ukuya kuthi ga kwi-90 inani lokutya okude kunye nenani elikhulu lokuhamba kwamanzi, kunye ne-membrane eninzi.
Kwezinye iimeko, izinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela inkqubo kwakhona liyafuneka kwizixhobo ezincinci ze-osmosis ezincinci ukunqanda ukuchitha ubutyebi bamanzi. Kule meko, amanyathelo ahlukeneyo kufuneka athathwe xa kuyilwa izixhobo ze-osmosis eziguqukayo. Eyona ndlela ixhaphakileyo kukusebenzisa amanzi agxininisiweyo okujikeleza ngokuyinxenye, oko kukuthi, kuphela inxalenye yamanzi agxininisiweyo ukusuka kwisixhobo se-osmosis esingasemva ekhutshwayo, kwaye inxalenye eseleyo ijikeleziswa kwi-inlet yempompo yokutya. Ngeli xesha, inokuqinisekisa ukuba umphezulu we-membrane element igcina isantya esithile sokuhamba kwecala kwaye ifezekise inkqubo yokubuyisela inkqubo efunwa ngumsebenzisi. Nangona kunjalo, akucebisi ukulungelelanisa ngokuthe ngqo i-valve yokungena kunye ne-outlet ye-feed / i-concentrate yamanzi ukuphucula izinga lokubuyisela inkqubo. Ukuba lo msebenzi wenziwa, uya kukhawulezisa izinga lokungcola kwento ye-membrane, ekhokelela kwimiphumo emibi.
Inqanaba eliphezulu lokubuyisela inkqubo, amanzi amancinci asetyenzisiweyo, kodwa ukuba izinga lokubuyisela liphezulu kakhulu, ezi ngxaki zilandelayo zingenzeka:
① Izinga lokukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini emveliso liyehla.
② Imvula enokwenzeka yeetyuwa ezinyibilikayo kancinane.
③ Uxinzelelo lwe-osmotic lwamanzi agxininisiweyo luphezulu kakhulu, okubangela ukuhla kwemveliso yamanzi yamacandelo.
Ngokuqhelekileyo, izinga lokubuyisela inkqubo yokukhutshwa kwetyuwa kumanzi anebrackish lilawulwa kwi-75%, oku kuthetha ukuba amanzi axinyiweyo aphindwe kane ngaphezulu. Xa isiqulatho setyuwa emanzini akrwada sisezantsi, ngamanye amaxesha ama-80% nawo angasetyenziswa. Ukuba umxholo wetyuwa ethile enyibilikayo kancinane kumanzi akrwada uphezulu, ngamanye amaxesha isantya esisezantsi sokubuyisela inkqubo sikwasetyenziselwa ukuthintela ukukala.