Ukubuyisela umva iiMembrane ze-Osmosis kwiiSetingi zoShishino: Imigaqo, iSicelo, kunye noLondolozo.

I-Reverse Osmosis (RO) iimbrane ezimele itekhnoloji yokwahlukana eqhutywa luxinzelelo eyamkelwa ngokubanzi kumashishini afuna amanzi acocekileyo. Ukusebenzisa i-semi-permeable membranes ezinobungakanani bepore buncinci njenge-0.0001 mm, i-RO isusa iityuwa ezinyibilikisiweyo, isinyithi esinzima, i-microorganisms, kunye nongcoliseko lwendalo ngokusebenzisa iindlela ezimbini eziphambili:

Ukukhutshwa kobungakanani beMolekyuli: Amalungu amakhulu kuneemolekyuli zamanzi (kubandakanywa iibhaktheriya kunye neentsholongwane) zivaliwe ngokwasemzimbeni.

I-Electrostatic Repulsion: Imiphezulu ye-membrane echajiwe kakubi iyayigxotha i-anion efana ne-chloride (Cl⁻) kunye nesulfate (SO₄²⁻).

Iimpompo zoxinzelelo oluphezulu (1.5-I-10.5 MPa) yoyisa uxinzelelo lwendalo lweosmotic ukwahlula amanzi acociweyo (atyhutyha) kwinkunkuma egxininisiweyo (ibrine). Iinwebu ze-RO zale mihla zisebenzisa i-polyamide thin-film composite (TFC) imathiriyeli, ifikelela kuma-99.6% ukugatywa kwetyuwa ngelixa igcina ukuqina koomatshini.

Izicelo zoShishino -- Itekhnoloji ye-RO ijongana nemingeni enzima yamanzi kumacandelo onke:

1. Ukukhutshwa kwetyuwa emanzini:

Ukuguqula amanzi olwandle okanye amanzi atyumkileyo abe ngamanzi okusela okanye acutshungulwayo koomasipala, oomatshini bombane, kunye neendawo zokucokisa.

2. Ukuveliswa kwaManzi acocekileyo:

Okubalulekileyo kwimveliso ye-semiconductor kunye nezixhobo zonyango, apho ukungcola kwe-ionic kuphazamisa iinkqubo.

3. Ukurisayikilisha kwamanzi amdaka:  

Ukucocwa kogutyulo lukamasipala kuphinda kufuneke amanzi okunkcenkceshela (>99% yokususwa kwepathogen).

Ukucocwa kwamanzi amdaka kwimizi-mveliso kususa iintsimbi ezinzima (umzekelo, > 99% ukubuyiswa kwe-nickel/cadmium) kunye nokwehlisa i-oyile (ukuya kuthi ga kwi-99.96% yokunciphisa i-COD kusetyenziswa i-demulsifiers).

Ulawulo lwamanzi amdaka eNyukliya: Uguqulo lwe-Hydrophilic okanye olungathathi hlangothi lwe-membrane yokutshaja lunyanga amanzi amdaka agcwele i-radioactive nge-surfactant ngelixa exhathisa ukungcola.

Imingeni yoLondolozo kunye nezisombululo

Ukungcola kweMembrane-okubangelwa kukukhula kwebhayoloji, ukukala kwamaminerali, okanye amasuntswana e-colloidal-kunciphisa ukusebenza kakuhle kwe-flux kunye nokwandisa ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Izicwangciso ezingundoqo ziquka:

1. Uthintelo:

I-chlorine dosing (

I-Antiscalants kunye nolawulo lwe-pH (6-8) luthintela iidiphozithi zamaminerali njengeCaCO₃.

Unyango lwangaphambili ngokuhluzwa kwesanti, ukuhluzwa kwe-ultrafiltration, okanye ukujiya kususa amasuntswana.

2. IiProthokholi zokucoca:

I-Biofouling: Coca ngesisombululo se-0.1% se-formaldehyde.

Ukulinganisa izimbiwa: Faka i-2% ye-citric acid (pH 4-8) kumazinga aphezulu okuhamba.

Ukwandiswa kwexesha lokuphila: Sebenzisa izihlungi zangaphambili zokukhusela (PP / carbon), gcina i-feed turbidity (SDI -0.98 MPa). Iimbrane ze-RO ezigcinwe ngokufanelekileyo zihlala zisebenza 3-Iminyaka emi-5 ngaphambi kokutshintshwa.

Izinto ezintsha kunye nekamva eliqaqambileyo-Inkqubela phambili kwitekhnoloji ye-membrane iyaqhubeka nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle:

1. I-Nanocomposites ye-Thin-Film (i-TFN): I-Nanoparticle-embedded membranes iphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi nge-200% ngelixa iphucula iimpawu ezichasene ne-antifouling.

2. Ukudityaniswa kwe-IoT: Ii-Sensors zibeka iliso kwi-conductivity kunye noxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo ukuqikelela ukungcola kunye nokuzenzekelayo imijikelezo yokucoca.

3. Ukukhula kweMarike: Iqhutywa kukunqongophala kwamanzi kwihlabathi, icandelo le-ro membrane yemveliso kulindeleke ukuba likhule ngemilinganiselo ezinzileyo enamanani amabini ukuya kutsho ngo-2033.

Ukuqukumbela

Iimbrane ze-RO zibalulekile ekwenzeni ukuba amanzi asetyenziswe ngokuzinzileyo kunye nokucocwa kwamanzi kwimizi-mveliso. Ukusebenza kwabo kuxhomekeke kwimithetho-siseko yenzululwazi esetyenzisiweyo ngokungqongqo, umiliselo olucwangcisiweyo lwecandelo elithile, kunye nolondolozo olusebenzayo. Njengoko ukuveliswa kwezinto ezintsha kuqhubela phambili ekusebenzeni okuphezulu kunye nokubeka iliso okukrelekrele, itekhnoloji ye-RO iya kudlala indima ebaluleke kakhulu ekukhuseleni imithombo yamanzi kushishino nakuluntu.

"Kumashishini axinzelelwe ngamanzi, i-RO iguqula inkunkuma ibe ngumthombo-imolekyuli enye ngexesha."