Ulwazi Olubalulekile Nokusetshenziswa Kokubuyiselwa Kwe-Osmosis Reverse
Izinga elijwayelekile lokutholwa kokuhlolwa, izinga lokutakula langempela, nezinga lokutholwa kwesistimu lezingxenye zolwelwesi yimiqondo emithathu eyinhloko kubuchwepheshe be-osmosis ehlehlayo. Izinga elijwayelekile lokutholwa kokuhlolwa linqunywa abakhiqizi bengxenye yolwelwesi ngaphansi kwezimo ezijwayelekile, njengezinga elijwayelekile lokutakula elingu-15% lezinto zolwelwesi lwamanzi anebrackish BW8040 kanye ne-BW4040 yolwelwesi lwezimboni lomkhiqizo we-HID, kanye no-8% wezinto zolwelwesi lwamanzi olwandle i-SW8040 kanye ne-SW4040. Izinga langempela lokutakula linqunywa ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa kwangempela, ukuze kwandiswe isikhathi sokuphila sezingxenye ze-membrane futhi kunciphise ukungcola, abakhiqizi bazokwenza imithetho ecacile. Isibonelo, izinga lokubuyisela langempela le-elementi eyodwa ye-membrane engu-8040 akufanele ibe ngaphezu kuka-18%. Kodwa-ke, esigabeni sesibili ukuhlanzwa kwamanzi kwesistimu ye-osmosis, izinga langempela lokubuyisela lingadlula kancane i-18%, kodwa kungcono kakhulu ukulilawula libe ngaphansi kwama-20%.
Izinga lokubuyisela uhlelo libhekisela esilinganisweni esiphelele sokutholwa kwayo yonke idivayisi ye-osmosis ehlehlayo phakathi nokusebenza kwangempela. Kuthonywa yizici ezihlukahlukene ezifana nekhwalithi yamanzi, inombolo kanye nokuhlelwa kwezingxenye ze-membrane. Ngenxa yenani elincane lezakhi ze-membrane kanye nenqubo emfushane, izinga lokutholwa kwemishini emincane ye-osmosis ehlehlayo ngokuvamile liphansi; Ngokuphambene, amadivaysi e-jumbo industrial reverse osmosis ngokuvamile anesilinganiso sokutholwa kwesistimu esingu-75% noma ngaphezulu, futhi ngezinye izikhathi izinga lokutholwa kwesigaba sesibili sokuhlehla kwe-osmosis lingafinyelela ngisho ku-90%.
Ngenkathi uphishekela amazinga aphezulu okubuyisela isistimu, kubalulekile futhi ukugwema izinkinga ezithile. Njengokuncipha kwezinga lokukhishwa kukasawoti emanzini omkhiqizo, ubungozi obukhulayo bokuna kosawoti oncibilika kancane, kanye nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwamanzi ngenxa yengcindezi ephezulu ye-osmotic yamanzi agxilile. Ngakho-ke, ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo, kuyadingeka ukulawula ngokunengqondo izinga lokubuyisela uhlelo ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile nokusebenza kahle kwedivayisi ye-osmosis ehlehlayo.
Indlela yokunquma izinga lokubuyisela uhlelo?
Kumishini emikhulu ye-industrial reverse osmosis, ngenxa yenani elikhulu lezinto zolwelwesi kanye nendlela ende yokugeleza kwamanzi, izinga langempela lokutholwa kwesistimu ngokuvamile liba ngu-75%. Kwezinye izimo, njengalapho izinga lamanzi angenayo lilihle kakhulu, izinga lokutholwa kwesistimu ye-reverse osmosis yesibili ingafinyelela ku-90%. Lapho kunqunywa izinga lokubuyisela uhlelo, amaphuzu amabili alandelayo kufanele acatshangelwe:
Ubude bokuxhunywa kochungechunge lwento ye-membrane: Uma ubude bokuxhuma kochungechunge lude, izinga lokutholwa kwesistimu lingase libe phezulu.
Ukujikeleza kwamanzi okugxilile kanye nezinga lokugeleza kwawo: Uma kungekho ukujikeleza kwamanzi okugxilile, izinga lokutholwa kwezingxenye ze-membrane kanye nezinhlelo zidinga ukunqunywa ngokuvumelana nemithetho ethile.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, ekusebenzeni okungokoqobo, kufanele kuqashelwe ukugwema izinkinga ezinjengokwehla kwezinga lokukhipha usawoti emanzini omkhiqizo, ukwenyuka kwengozi yemvula kasawoti omncibilikayo, kanye nokuncipha kokukhiqizwa kwamanzi okubangelwa ukucindezela okukhulu kwe-osmotic kwamanzi agxilile. Ngakho-ke, ukulawula okuphusile kwezinga lokubuyiselwa kwesistimu kubalulekile ukuze kuqinisekiswe ukusebenza okuzinzile kanye nokusebenza kahle kwamadivayisi e-osmosis ehlehlayo.
Ifomula yokubala izinga lokuthola kabusha kwesistimu ye-osmosis ehlehlayo ithi:
Izinga lokubuyisela=(izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi ahlanzekile/izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi okuphakelayo) × 100%
Phakathi kwazo, izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi ahlanzekile lisho izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi ahlanzekile atholwe ngemva kokwelashwa kwe-osmosis ehlehlayo, kuyilapho izinga lokugeleza kwamanzi okuphakelayo liyisilinganiso sokuqala sokugeleza kwamanzi angena ohlelweni lwe-osmosis ehlehlayo. Le fomula isetshenziselwa ukuchaza ngokomthamo ukuthi ingakanani ingxenye yamanzi aluhlaza engaguqulwa ngempumelelo ibe amanzi ahlanzekile phakathi nenqubo yokwelapha yesistimu ye-osmosis ehlehlayo.
