Ibintu bitandukanye bikoreshwa mu nganda zitunganya amazi, kandi ibisanzwe ni ultrafiltration membrane na revers osmose membrane. Byombi ultrafiltration membrane na revers osmose membrane nibikoreshwa mubikoresho byo gutunganya amazi. Ingano ya pore ya osmose ihindagurika ni 1/100 gusa cyurwego rwa ultrafiltration membrane, bityo rero osmose revers ibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi birashobora gukuraho neza ibyuma biremereye, imiti yica udukoko, chloroform, nibindi byangiza imiti mubuziranenge bwamazi. Ultrafiltration amazi yoza amazi nta mbaraga afite. Amazi meza ya ultrafiltration arashobora gukuraho imyanda ihumanya na bagiteri, zishobora gukurwaho na osmose.
1. Itandukaniro ryimiterere hagati ya ultrafiltration membrane na revers osmose membrane:
Ibinyuranyo bya osmose membrane ni artificiel-permeable membrane ifite ibintu bimwe na bimwe bikozwe no kwigana ibinyabuzima byinjira-byinjira. Mubisanzwe bikozwe mubikoresho bya polymer. Diameter ya pore ya membrane muri rusange iri hagati ya 0.5 na 10 nm, kandi ubwikorezi bujyanye nimiterere yimiti ya membrane ubwayo.
Ultrafiltration membrane ni ubwoko bwa microporous filtration membrane ifite ubunini buke bwa pore hamwe nubunini bwa pore buringaniye bingana na microne 0.001-0.02. Gukoresha umuvuduko ukwiye kuruhande rumwe rwa membrane birashobora kwerekana molekile ikemuye ntoya kurenza ubunini bwa pore kugirango itandukane ibice bifite uburemere bwa molekile irenga Daltons 500 (ibice bya atome) hamwe nubunini burenze nanometero 10. Ultrafiltration membrane nimwe mubintu byambere byo gutandukanya polymer byakozwe, kandi ibikoresho bya ultrafiltration byakozwe munganda mu myaka ya za 1960.
2. Ibyiza nibibi bya ultrafiltration membrane na revers osmose membrane:
Ibyiza bya ultrafiltration: muri rusange nta pompe, nta gukoresha amashanyarazi, nta kibazo cy'umutekano w'amashanyarazi; ingingo nkeya, umuvuduko wamazi, ugereranije ni bike byo kunanirwa, hamwe n’amazi ashobora gutemba; imiterere yoroshye nigiciro gito;
Ibibi: ingaruka mbi zo gukuraho imyanda ihumanya mumazi; ingaruka mbi ku bihe bidasanzwe byo gutanga amazi; uburyohe buke bwamazi; udashobora kugabanya ubukana bwamazi, nkubukomere bwinshi bwamazi ya robine, ikintu cyamazi abira gishobora kuba cyanduye.
Ultrafiltration membrane irashobora gukuraho macromolecules, colloide, proteyine, ibice, nibindi mubisubizo, kandi ifite ibiranga umuvuduko muke, kubyara amazi menshi, no gukora byoroshye. Mugupima ingaruka zo kuvura ibikoresho bya fibre ultrafiltration membrane igikoresho cyo kweza amazi byimbitse, byaragaragaye ko igikoresho cyo gutunganya amazi ya ultrafiltration membrane gishobora gukuraho neza umwanda wa kabiri w’amazi mu muyoboro w’amazi kandi bikarushaho kunoza ubwiza bw’amazi.
Ibyiza byibikoresho byo gutunganya amazi ya osmose: ubwiza bwamazi meza, burashobora gukuraho neza ubwoko bwose bwumwanda mubi mumazi; ingaruka nziza kubintu bidasanzwe byo gutanga amazi; uburyohe bw'amazi; irashobora kugabanya neza ubukana bwamazi meza, kandi ikintu cyamazi abira ntabwo byoroshye gupima;
Ibibi: pompe, gukoresha amashanyarazi, ibibazo byumutekano w'amashanyarazi; ingingo nyinshi, umuvuduko mwinshi wamazi, ugereranije no kunanirwa kwinshi, hamwe n’amazi ashobora gutemba; imiterere igoye, kandi igiciro gihenze.
3. Urutonde rwimikorere ya ultrafiltration membrane na revers osmose membrane:
Ikoreshwa rya rezo ya osmose membrane
Amashanyarazi, peteroli, ibyuma, ibyuma nicyuma, ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki, ubuvuzi, ibiryo n'ibinyobwa, ubuyobozi bwa komini no kurengera ibidukikije n’indi mirima, mu kuvanaho amazi y’inyanja n’amazi meza, amazi yo kugaburira amazi, amazi meza yo mu nganda n’icyiciro cya elegitoroniki gutegura amazi meza, kunywa amazi meza, gutunganya amazi y’amazi kandi inzira yihariye yo gutandukana ifite uruhare runini.
Ikoreshwa rya ultrafiltration membrane
Amazi meza n'amazi ya ultrapure bikoreshwa muburyo bwo kwisubiza osmose no gutunganya amazi ya ultrapure mugihe cyo gutegura; amazi yinganda akoreshwa mugutandukanya bagiteri, amasoko yubushyuhe, colloide, umwanda wahagaritswe, hamwe na organique ya macromolecular; amazi yo kunywa, kweza amazi yubutare; fermentation, Inganda zitegura Enzyme ninganda zimiti yibanda, kweza, no gusobanura; umutobe kwibanda hamwe no gutandukana; soya, amata, inganda zisukari, vino, umutobe wicyayi, vinegere, nibindi gutandukana, kwibanda no gusobanura; amazi mabi yinganda no gutunganya imyanda yo murugo no kuyisubiza; Kugarura irangi rya electrophoreque.
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Igihe cyo kohereza: Nzeri-24-2020