Umwanda wa kirimbuzi ntabwo uhwanye n’imyanda ya kirimbuzi, amazi, imyanda ya kirimbuzi yangiza cyane, harimo na tritium, harimo ubwoko 64 bw’ibintu bya radiyo ikora. Amazi yanduye ya kirimbuzi yinjiye mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja, ibanza gutwarwa n’imigezi yo mu nyanja kandi ikwirakwira mu nyanja zitandukanye.
Byongeye kandi, bizakomeza kwanduzwa binyuze mu bidukikije byo mu nyanja, nko gukwirakwiza urunigi rw’ibiribwa, kandi birashobora no kwinjira mu mubiri w’abantu binyuze mu gufata ku mugaragaro ibiryo byo mu nyanja, bityo bikazana ingaruka zimwe na zimwe zishobora kugira ingaruka ku bidukikije byo mu nyanja cyangwa ku buzima bw’abantu. Dukurikije ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mbere y’impanuka ya kirimbuzi ya Fukushima, ibyinshi mu byanduye bizagenda iburasirazuba hanyuma byambuke inyanja ya pasifika.
Igice gito cyibi bihumanya bizinjira mu majyepfo yuburengerazuba unyuze mu burengerazuba bwa Pac ific membrane amazi. Kubera ko ibintu bya radiyoyasi mu mazi y’amazi ya kirimbuzi bikora cyane kuri radiyo kandi imiterere yabyo ikaba ihagaze neza cyane, ubu gutunganya amazi y’amazi ya kirimbuzi ni uguhuriza hamwe ibintu bya radiyoyakoresheje hakoreshejwe uburyo bwihariye bwa tekiniki, hanyuma ugasohora imyanda yujuje ubuziranenge bwa radio.
Kugeza ubu, uburyo bukoreshwa cyane mu gutunganya amazi ya kirimbuzi bukubiyemo ahanini ibi bikurikira:
(1)Uburyo bw'imvura: Uburyo bw'imvura ni ukongeramo imvura igwa mumazi y’amazi ya kirimbuzi, kandi hamwe n’imvura ihuriweho n’ibigize imiti hamwe n’ibikoresho bya radiyoyoka mu mvura igwa ikoreshwa kugira ngo igere ku ntego yo kugabanya ibirimo ibintu bikoresha radiyo mu mazi ya kirimbuzi. Kugeza ubu, imvura ikunze gukoreshwa mu nganda cyane cyane irimo aluminium na fer, imvura ya sime ya lime na fosifate.
(2)Uburyo bwa Adsorption: Uburyo bwa Adsorption nuburyo bwo gukoresha adsorbents kuri adsorb ibintu bikora radio, nuburyo bwo kuvura umubiri. Bitewe n'imiterere ya pore yateye imbere hamwe nubuso bunini bwihariye, adsorbent ifite imbaraga za adsorption. Kugeza ubu, amatangazo akunze gukoreshwa ni karubone, zeolite nibindi.
(3)Uburyo bwo guhanahana amakuru: Ihame ryuburyo bwo guhanahana ion ni ugukoresha ihanahana rya ion kugirango habeho guhanahana ion n'amazi yanduye ya kirimbuzi, kugirango bakureho ioni ya radio ikora mumazi mabi ya kirimbuzi. Iyoni ya radio ikora mumazi yanduye ya kirimbuzi ahanini ni cations, kubwibyo amatsinda akoreshwa neza muburyo bwo guhinduranya ion arashobora guhanahana amakuru hamwe na radiyo ikora, kandi ion zikoresha radio zishobora guhanahanahana amakuru. Guhinduranya ion bikunze kugabanywa mubice bya organique na organic organique ihinduranya ibyiciro bibiri, guhinduranya ion kama ni imyanda itandukanye yo guhanahana ion, guhinduranya ion organique ni zeolite artificiel, vermiculite nibindi.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Kanama-28-2023