Wari uziko, ayo mazi agera kuri 75% yuburemere bwumubiri wabantu. Gutakaza 4% byamazi yumubiri yose biganisha ku kubura umwuma, kandi gutakaza 15% birashobora guhitana abantu. Mu buryo nk'ubwo, umuntu yashoboraga kubaho ukwezi adafite ibiryo ariko ntashobora kubaho iminsi 3 adafite amazi. Uku kwishingikiriza kumazi kugenga cyane ubuzima bwose. Ikigaragara ni uko amazi ari ingenzi kugirango abeho, ariko ni iki gituma gikenerwa cyane?
Ntayindi molekile ihuye namazi iyo igeze kumiterere yihariye ishyigikira ubuzima. Igishimishije, abashakashatsi bakomeje gushyiraho uburyo bushya bwo kweza amazi bitewe nubwiza bwamazi arimo gutunganywa, ikiguzi cyibikorwa byo gutunganya, hamwe nubuziranenge bwateganijwe kumazi yatunganijwe.
Intego nugukora amazi akwiranye nintego zihariye. Amazi menshi arasukurwa kandi yanduzwa kugirango abantu barye (amazi yo kunywa), ariko kweza amazi birashobora kandi gukorwa kubindi bikorwa bitandukanye, harimo ubuvuzi, imiti, imiti, ninganda. Biratangaje ukuntu molekile yoroshye ifite akamaro kanini kubinyabuzima bifite ibikenerwa bitandukanye.
Ubushakashatsi bwa mbere mu kuyungurura amazi bwatangiye mu kinyejana cya 17. Sir Francis Bacon yagerageje gusibanganya amazi yo mu nyanja arenga imigezi anyuze muyungurura. Nubwo ubushakashatsi bwe butagenze neza, byaranze intangiriro yinyungu nshya murwego. Ba se ba microscopi, Antonie van Leeuwenhoek na Robert Hooke, bakoresheje microscope iherutse kuvumburwa kugira ngo barebe ku nshuro ya mbere uduce duto duto twaryamye mu mazi, dushyiraho urufatiro rwo gusobanukirwa ejo hazaza h’indwara ziterwa na virusi.
Uyu munsi abashakashatsi bakomeje kunoza uburyo kandi hamwe nikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kweza amazi byateye imbere bitangaje. Uburyo bumwe bwo kweza amazi nka, Membrane muyunguruzi ubu ikoreshwa cyane mugushungura amazi yo kunywa, mubikorwa byubucuruzi ninganda. Ku mazi yo kunywa, akayunguruzo ka membrane gashobora gukuraho hafi ibice byose birenga 0.2 mm - harimo giardia na cryptosporidium. Akayunguruzo ka Membrane nuburyo bwiza cyane bwo kuvura kaminuza iyo byifujwe kongera gukoresha amazi mu nganda, mu ntego z’imbere mu gihugu, cyangwa mbere yo kohereza amazi mu ruzi rukoreshwa n’imijyi ikamanuka. Zikoreshwa cyane mu nganda, cyane cyane mu gutegura ibinyobwa (harimo n'amazi icupa). Kwandura, revers osmose membrane sisitemu nimwe muburyo bukoreshwa cyane muri iki gihe.
Osmose ihindagurika irashobora gukuraho ubwoko bwinshi bwubwoko bwimiti yashonze kandi ihagarikwa kimwe n’ibinyabuzima (cyane cyane bagiteri) mumazi, kandi bikoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda ndetse no kubyara amazi meza. Dukurikire munzira, mugihe dusangiye ubumenyi nabashakashatsi ba HID babigize umwuga kuri revers osmose membrane hamwe numusaruro wa sisitemu. Urahawe ikaze nibibazo kandi bikwemerera gusangira ubumenyi bwawe kuri gahunda, kugirango ufashe abaturage gutunganya amazi kugira ubumenyi bunini o kubona amazi meza, meza, kandi meza.
Tudasobanukiwe neza n’amazi nyayo, afite agaciro kanini, ntituzashobora kurinda umutungo wingenzi kubwinyungu za buri wese.
Igihe cyo kohereza: Ukwakira-15-2021