Inama 5 zo kongera igihe cyo kubaho kwa RO Membrane no kuzigama ikiguzi

1. Menya neza ko amazi yo kugaburira akoreshwa neza mbere yo kuyasukura.

Ubwiza bw'amazi yo mu gikoni ni cyo kintu cy'ingenzi bigira ingaruka ku mikorere y'urukiramende rwa RO n'igihe rumara. Ibintu bidakenewe mu mazi mabi, nk'ibintu bikomeye bivamo, koloyide, ibintu by'umwimerere, na chlorine, bishobora kwangiza urukiramende burundu. Kubwibyo, gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda irambuye yo kuvura mbere y'uko ruvurwa ni ngombwa.

Ubwa mbere, shyiramo akayunguruzo k'amazi kugira ngo ukureho uduce duto nk'umucanga, ubutare n'ingese, bishobora gukurura ubuso bw'utuyunguruzo. Ubwa kabiri, koresha akayunguruzo ka karuboni gakoreshwa kugira ngo ukureho chlorine n'ibintu by'umwimerere - chlorine, cyane cyane, ishobora kugabanya imikorere y'utuyunguruzo, bigatuma imikorere yo kuvamo umunyu igabanuka vuba. Ku mazi afite ubushyuhe bwinshi cyangwa koloyide, kongeramo intambwe yo gufunga no gufunga bishobora kunoza imikorere mbere yo kuvurwa. Ukurikije ko amazi afunguye yujuje ibisabwa by'utuyunguruzo twa RO, ushobora kugabanya neza ibyago byo kwangirika kw'utuyunguruzo no gushyiraho urufatiro rukomeye rwo kongera igihe cyo kuyakoresha.

2. Gufata Ibipimo Bikwiye by'Imikorere

Gukoresha sisitemu ya RO mu rugero rw'ibipimo byasabwe ni ingenzi kugira ngo hirindwe umuvuduko ukabije ku ruhererekane rw'ibipimo. Ibipimo by'ingenzi byo kugenzura birimo umuvuduko w'imikorere, ubushyuhe, n'igipimo cyo kugarura ubushyuhe.

Umuvuduko mwinshi cyane w’imikorere ushobora kwihutisha kwangirika kw’urukiramende no kongera ingufu zikoreshwa. Buri gihe kurikiza amabwiriza y’uruganda kugira ngo ubone urugero rwiza rw’umuvuduko. Ubushyuhe nabwo bugira ingaruka ku mikorere y’urukiramende—ubushyuhe bwinshi bushobora kongera umuvuduko w’amazi ariko bushobora no kongera umuvuduko wo kwagura no guhumanya. Kubwibyo, ni ngombwa kugenzura ubushyuhe bw’amazi yo kugaburira mu rugero rukwiye, akenshi hagati ya 25°C na 35°C. Byongeye kandi, igipimo cyo kugarura amazi (ikigereranyo cy’amazi y’ibicuruzwa n’amazi yo kugaburira) ntikigomba kuba kinini cyane. Igipimo cyo kugarura amazi mu rugero runini gishobora gutuma habaho imyunyu n’ibintu byanduye ku buso bw’urukiramende, byongera ibyago byo kwagura amazi. Guhindura igipimo cyo kugarura amazi hakurikijwe ubwiza bw’amazi n’imiterere ya sisitemu bishobora kuringaniza imikorere myiza y’amazi no kurinda urukiramende.

3. Shyira mu bikorwa gahunda zo gusukura buri gihe kandi neza

Nubwo haba hari uburyo bwo kuvura neza mbere yo kuvurwa, guhumanya uruhu rw'imbere mu ruhu ntibishoboka uko igihe kigenda gihita. Gusukura neza kandi ku gihe bishobora gukuraho ibintu byanduye no gusubiza imikorere y'uruhu rw'imbere mu ruhu. Ariko, gusukura nabi bishobora kwangiza uruhu rw'imbere mu ruhu, bityo ni ngombwa gukurikiza amabwiriza ya siyansi yo gusukura.

Ubwa mbere, shyiraho gahunda yo gusukura buri gihe hashingiwe ku bipimo by'imikorere ya sisitemu, nko kugabanuka k'amazi, kwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'imikorere, cyangwa kugabanuka k'umuvuduko wo kuvanamo umunyu. Ubwa kabiri, hitamo isuku ikwiye hakurikijwe ubwoko bw'umwanda—urugero, koresha isuku isanzwe kugira ngo ukureho ibinini bidafite umwimerere (nka karubone karubone) n'isuku isanzwe ya alkaline kugira ngo ukureho umwanda usanzwe n'ibikomoka ku bimera. Irinde gukoresha imiti ikaze idahuye n'ibikoresho by'isuku. Mu gihe cyo gusukura, genzura neza ubwinshi bw'isuku, ubushyuhe, n'igihe cyo gusukura. Nyuma yo gusukura, oza isuku neza n'amazi meza kugira ngo ukureho isuku isigaye, ishobora kwangiza igihe kirekire niba yasigaye inyuma.

4. Gukurikirana no kugenzura ubuziranenge bw'amazi buri gihe

Gukurikirana buri gihe amazi yo mu gikoni, amazi y’ibikomoka ku bimera, n’ubwiza bw’amazi asukuye bishobora gufasha kumenya ibibazo bishobora kubaho hakiri kare no gufata ingamba zo kwirinda ku gihe. Ibipimo by’ingenzi byo gukurikirana birimo ubushuhe, pH, ingano ya chlorine, ibintu byose byashongeshejwe (TDS), hamwe n’ubushobozi bwo gutwara amazi.

Shyiramo ibikoresho byo kugenzura kuri interineti kugira ngo ukurikirane ibi bimenyetso mu gihe nyacyo. Urugero, icyuma gipima ubushyuhe gishobora kukwereka ko hari kwiyongera kw'ibintu bikomeye bihagaze mu mazi yo kugaburira, bigatuma ugenzura kandi ugasimbuza akayunguruzo mbere yo kuyatunganya. Igipimo cya pH gishobora gufasha kugumana pH y'amazi yo kugaburira mu rugero rwiza (ubusanzwe kuva kuri 6.5 kugeza kuri 8.5) kugira ngo wirinde kwangirika cyangwa kwangirika kw'ibice by'amazi. Gusuzuma buri gihe TDS n'uburyo amazi yo kunywera bishobora kugaragaza imikorere y'ibice by'amazi yo kunywera mu mazi - kwiyongera gutunguranye gushobora kugaragaza ko ibice by'amazi byangiritse cyangwa byanduye. Ukomeje kuba maso ku mpinduka z'ubuziranenge bw'amazi, ushobora gukemura ibibazo mbere yuko birushaho kwiyongera, bityo ukirinda ibice by'amazi no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo kuyabungabunga.

5. Shyiraho Uburyo Bukwiye bwo Gufunga no Kubika Ibikoresho

Kuzimya no kubika nabi sisitemu ya RO bishobora kwangiza bikomeye ururenda, cyane cyane mu gihe kirekire rudakora. Kubwibyo, gukurikiza uburyo bwo kuzimya no kubika neza ni ngombwa kugira ngo ururenda rukomeze kubaho.

Mu gihe uzimya sisitemu mu gihe gito (mu gihe kitarenze icyumweru), oza membrane n'amazi y'ibicuruzwa kugira ngo ukureho imyanda isigaye, hanyuma ukomeze membrane itose kugira ngo wirinde kuma—kuma bishobora kwangiza imiterere y'ururabo. Kugira ngo uhagarike igihe kirekire (igihe kirenga icyumweru), koresha umuti urinda ubushyuhe (nk'umuti wa sodium bisulfite) kugira ngo winjize membrane. Menya neza ko ingano y'umuti urinda ubushyuhe ikwiye kandi usimbuze umuti buri gihe kugira ngo wirinde ko bagiteri zikura. Mbere yo kongera gutangiza sisitemu, oza membrane neza n'amazi meza kugira ngo ukureho umuti urinda ubushyuhe, urebe neza ko amazi y'umuti yujuje ibisabwa.

Umwanzuro

Kongera igihe cyo kumara imiyoboro ya RO no kugabanya ikiguzi cyo gukora si akazi katoroshye—bisaba gushyira mu bikorwa gahunda ihamye yo kuvura mbere y’uko ikoreshwa, kugenzura neza ibipimo by’imikorere, gusukura buri gihe, gukurikirana ubuziranenge bw’amazi buri gihe, no kuzimya no kubika neza. Ukurikije izi nama eshanu, ntushobora kongera igihe cyo kumara imiyoboro ya RO gusa, ukagabanya inshuro zihenze zo gusimbuza, ahubwo unanoze imikorere myiza ya sisitemu ya RO, ukagabanya ikiguzi cy’ingufu n’ikoreshwa ryo kubungabunga. Gushora igihe n’imbaraga muri izi ngamba zo gukumira bizazana inyungu z’ubukungu mu gihe kirekire kandi bitume sisitemu yawe yo gutunganya amazi ikora neza kandi yizewe.