Ni gute wakemura ikibazo niba membrane ya reverse osmosis yananiwe?

1.Kora ibintu 3 mbere na mbere: Kuraho "amakosa atari yo"

Banza utunganye

• Ibipimo by'umuvuduko, ibipimo by'umuvuduko, n'ibipimo by'ubushyuhe akenshi "birabeshya": urugero, igipimo cy'umuvuduko kiba cyarahagaze, ibyo bikazahindura amakosa ku kugabanuka k'umusaruro w'amazi; Niba igipimo cy'umuvuduko kidakwiye, gishobora kwitiranywa n'umuvuduko udasanzwe.
• Uburyo bworoshye bwo gupima: koresha igipimo cy'umuvuduko urenga kugira ngo ugereranye amazi yinjira / umuvuduko w'amazi menshi; Suzuma icyuma gipima umuvuduko w'amazi ukoresheje igisubizo gisanzwe (urugero: 100μS/cm) kugira ngo urebe neza amakuru yizewe.

Reba amakuru y'amateka kugira ngo ubone "aho gutangirira hadasanzwe"

• Kuraho inyandiko z'ibikorwa by'amezi 1-3 ashize (niba utabyanditse, ugomba kubyibuka ubutaha!). ), gereranya amakuru y'ingenzi mbere na nyuma y'uko binanirana:
• Umusaruro w'amazi waragabanutse? Ese hari ukwiyongera k'umuvuduko w'amazi icyarimwe?
• Ese amazi meza? Ese chlorine isigaye n'amazi mabi byarenze urugero rw'amazi?
• Kugereranya amakuru bishobora kugufasha kugabanya umubare w’amazi akoreshwa, urugero, "umusaruro muke w’amazi + kwiyongera k’umuvuduko w’amazi" birashoboka cyane ko ari umwanda, kandi "umusaruro mubi w’amazi + chlorine nyinshi isigaye" bishobora kuba ari byo bitera oxidation y’urukiramende.

Pima ubuziranenge bw'amazi meza kugira ngo ukureho "ibibazo by'isoko"

• Aho amazi yinjira ni "umusaruro" w'urukiramende, kandi amazi mabi atuma ananirwa, hibandwa ku bintu bitatu:
• Ubushyuhe: >1NTU = Kunanirwa mbere yo kuvurwa (urugero: gukaraba inyuma mu cyuma gishyushya);
• Chlorine isigaye: >0.1mg/L = uturemangingo tugomba kuba twakozweho ogisijeni (karubone ikoreshwa igomba gusimburwa);
• Ubukomere / silicon: hejuru cyane biroroshye kuyipima, kandi iperereza rikurikira rigomba kwibandwaho.
• Inama: Koresha "uburyo bwo gusiga" kugira ngo upime udukoko, kandi guturika gutunguranye kwa bagiteri nabyo bizatuma uturemangingo "twibasira".

2.Ibibazo bitatu by'ingenzi, iperereza ku ntambwe ku yindi (hamwe n'ibitekerezo by'uburyo bwo gukemura ikibazo)

Urugero rwa 1: Igabanuka rikomeye ry'umusaruro w'amazi (wirinde igabanuka ryarenze 10%). Reka tubanze turebe "ikibazo kitari uturemangingo": Ese ibipimo bitajyanye n'umurongo?

• Ubushyuhe bw'amazi yinjiramo buri hasi?

Kuri buri 1°Kugabanuka k'ubushyuhe bwa C, umusaruro w'amazi ugabanukaho 2-3%! Urugero, niba amazi yo munsi y'ubutaka akonje mu gihe cy'itumba, fungura vuba igikoresho gishyushya, ugisubize kuri 20-25°C (ubushyuhe bwiza bw'urukiramende), kandi urebe niba ingano y'amazi yaragarutse.

• Ntabwo mfite stress ihagije?

Niba umuvuduko w'amazi yinjira uri munsi ya 1.0MPa (reba icyitegererezo cya membrane, bimwe ni 1.5MPa), reba pompe ifite umuvuduko mwinshi: Ese umuvuduko w'amazi ni usanzwe? Ese valve yo kwinjiza ifunguye neza? Niba itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko w'icyuma cya filter mbere yo kuvurwa rirenze 0.1MPa, igomba kozwa inyuma, kandi umuvuduko ntuzazamuka niba ufunze.

• Igipimo cyo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho byo kongera gukoresha ibikoresho kiri hejuru cyane?

Igipimo cyo kugarura amazi kirenze agaciro k'igishushanyo mbonera ho hejuru ya 10%, ubwinshi bw'amazi yashyizwemo ni bwinshi cyane, kandi membrane "ntishobora kunyura mu mazi". Hindura valve y'amazi menshi kugira ngo ugabanye igipimo cyo kugarura amazi, hanyuma urebe ingano y'amazi.

• Ongera urebe "urukiramende ubwarwo": rwafunze cyangwa rwacitse?
• Intambwe ya 1: Reba "Itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko w'amazi uvanze na Inrush"
  Itandukaniro risanzwe ry'umuvuduko Kongera buhoro buhoro igitutu gitandukanye (amezi 1-3) + imiterere y'amazi: kwanduzanya kwa colloidal/organic (kuramo membrane imwe yo ku mpera kugira ngo urebe niba hari urwego rufata cyangwa umuhondo-umukara upfutse hejuru).
• Intambwe ya 2: Emeza ubwoko bw'umwanda
  Igipimo gikekwaho (ubukana bukabije bw'amazi anywa): pima ubukana bw'amazi menshi, cyangwa ugerageze gukoresha pickling (aside citric 1-3%), niba ishobora kozwa, ni igipimo;
  Udukoko dukekwaho kwanduzanya mu buryo bw’ibinyabuzima: gukurura ibisigazwa ku buso bw’urukiramende, urebe niba hari udukoko duto munsi ya mikorosikopi, hanyuma ubanza ukabisukura hanyuma ubyogeshe mu buryo bwa alkali.
• Intambwe ya 3: Reba niba hari ibyangiritse ku mubiri kuri firime. Nyuma yo gukuraho ibibazo by'ubwandu n'ibipimo, kuraho igishishwa cya firime hanyuma urebe:
  Impeta yo gufunga: gusaza no guhinduka bizatuma amazi yiyongera, bigira ingaruka ku buryo butaziguye ku bunini bw'amazi, gerageza guhindura ushyireho impeta nshya yo gufunga;
  Diaphragm: Hari iminkanyari n'amarira (nk'umuvuduko mwinshi w'ipompo vuba cyane), kandi ibice by'urukiramende bishobora gusimburwa gusa, nta bundi buryo.

Urugero rwa 2: Amazi akorwa nabi (amazi atwara amazi menshi / TDS)

• Ese agace k'inyuma k'umubiri karacitse?

"Impeta yo gufunga umuyoboro wo hagati" iri ku mpera zombi z'urukiramende irashaje kandi idafite umurongo ukwiye, kandi amazi menshi azava mu muyoboro wo hagati ajye mu mazi akorwamo. Iyo firime ikuweho, impeta ya rubber iracikagurika kandi ihinduka, igasimbuzwa indi nshya.

• Ese umupfundikizo w'inyuma y'igishishwa cy'inyundo urimo kuva?

Shyira amazi y'isabune ku mupfundikizo w'umupfundikizo, niba hari uduheri, tuzava! Simbuza impeta ya O-ring, komeza umugozi neza, ntuwuzunguruke neza.

✨ Inama: Uburyo bwo gukora ubushakashatsi ku ruhu rumwe
Iyo uturemangingo twinshi duhujwe mu buryo bukurikiranye, buri turemangingo duhuzwa n'igikoresho cyo gupima ukwacyo, kandi ubushobozi bwo kuyobora amazi bupimirwa binyuze mu nzira isanzwe yo kwinjiramo amazi.

• Ongera urebe "imikorere y'urukiramende": Ese iragabanuka?
• Igabanuka ry'ubukana buhoro buhoro (amezi 1-3): Birashoboka cyane ko umwanda uhumanya

Umwanda w’ibinyabuzima (urugero, aside humic) uzatwikira ubuso bw’urukiramende, bigabanye umuvuduko wo kubika, hanyuma wogeshwe na alkali wash (sodium hydroxide 0.5-1%) + surfactant;
Biofilm izasenya imiterere y'urukiramende, ibanza gusukura (sodium hypochlorite 50-100mg/L yo kwinika), hanyuma ikarabe alkali.

• Kwangirika gutunguranye (iminsi 1-2): Irinde "oxidation ya membrane"

Iyo chlorine isigaye mu mazi yuzuye ipimwa kuri > 0.1mg/L, "amagufwa" y'urukiramende (polyamide ihumura neza) azahagarara, kandi igipimo cyo kugumana kizagabanuka burundu! Muri iki gihe, ushobora guhindura firime gusa, kandi ubutaha ugomba gukurikirana chlorine isigaye. Amaherezo, reba "pretreatment": Ese si ukubuza imyanda?

• Kuvura mbere ni "umurongo wa mbere w'ubwirinzi" unanirwa iyo ibintu byanduye bishyizwe kuri firime mu buryo butaziguye:
• Akayunguruzo k'ibikoresho byinshi: itandukaniro ry'umuvuduko rirenga 0.15MPa hatabayeho gukaraba inyuma, imyanda yinjira muri firime;
• Akayunguruzo ka karuboni gakoreshwa: gakoreshwa mu gihe kirenga amezi atandatu, klorini isigaye yinjira, firime ya okiside;
• Akayunguruzo keza: Igice cy’akayunguruzo ntigihinduka mu gihe kirenze amezi 3-6, kandi uduce duto dufunga uturemangingo.
• Umuti: Oza inyuma agakoresho ko gukaraba inyuma, usimbuze agakoresho ko gusimbuza, kosora aho wabanje gusukura hanyuma urebe ubwiza bw'amazi.

Urugero rwa 3: Umuvuduko udasanzwe mu mikorere (izamuka ritunguranye / igabanuka ritunguranye)

• Ese umuyoboro wa concentrate warafunzwe?

Reba valve isohora amazi menshi: gerageza kuyihinduranya n'intoki, ese yafashe? Igipimo cy'amazi kinini kirakurwaho kugira ngo hasukurwe imyanda iri imbere, kandi iyo ifunze, amazi menshi ntashobora gusohoka kandi umuvuduko uzazamuka cyane.

• Ese icyuma gifata membrane cyarafunzwe?

Umwanda w’udukoko uzafunga inzira y’amazi yinjira mu gice cy’ifiriti, niba hari udukoko twinshi twinshi ku gice cy’ifiriti, oza n’amazi afite umuvuduko mwinshi uri munsi ya 0.3MPa, ntukoreshe umuvuduko mwinshi cyane, bizakuraho agace k’ifiriti.

• Ku ruhande rw'amazi yinjiramo amazi yavamo?

Reba umuyoboro w'amazi, plange y'umuvuduko mwinshi wa pompe: ese hari aho amazi yamenetse? Iyo bolt ifunguye kandi ikaza gukazwa, gasket izasimburwa niba yamenetse, kandi amazi yamenetse bigatuma umuvuduko nyawo udahagije.

• Ese pompe ifite umuvuduko mwinshi yangiritse?

Umva ijwi rya pompe: iyo hari urusaku rudasanzwe, impeller iba yashaje; Reba umuyoboro w'amashanyarazi: umuyoboro muke ushobora kuba uterwa n'uko pompe yinjira. Kuramo pompe kugira ngo uyikoreshe neza, hanyuma usimbuze pompe niba idakora.

• Ururenda rwacitse?

Agace k'amazi gacagagurika ahantu hanini, amazi yinjira agahita yinjira mu mazi akora, kandi umuvuduko ntushobora kubakwa, ibyo bikaba byanatuma amazi aba mabi. Niba hari umwobo, hindura agace k'amazi.

• Icyo wakora nyuma y'iperereza: kugenzura + kwandika kugira ngo wirinde gusubiramo icyaha gikurikiraho
• Genzura ingaruka:

niba ibipimo byahinduwe, komeza amasaha 24 kugira ngo urebe niba ingano y'amazi, ubwiza bw'amazi, n'umuvuduko byasubiye ku buryo busanzwe;

Iyo agakoresho kogejwe, igipimo cyo kugarura amazi nyuma yo gukaraba kigomba kuba ≥ 80%, kandi ubwiza bw'amazi bugomba kuba bwujuje ibisabwa kugira ngo bugaragare ko ari bwiza;

Iyo agapfukamunwa kahinduwe, oza ku gitutu gito mu gihe cy'iminota 30 (munsi ya 0.2MPa) nyuma yo gusimbuza, hanyuma ukore nk'uko bisanzwe.

• Icyibutso cy'umutekano:

Iperereza ku gihe cyo kudakora rigomba kubanza kugabanya umuvuduko! Zimya ipompo ifite umuvuduko mwinshi hanyuma ukingure valve isohora amazi kugira ngo wirinde umuvuduko mwinshi w'igishishwa cy'inyundo no gukomereka mu gihe cyo kuyisesa; Kuraho agapapuro k'inyundo hanyuma ugakorane witonze, ntugacemo umuvuduko.

• Komeza kwandika neza:

Andika inzira y'iperereza, impamvu, n'ibisubizo, hanyuma ubigereranye neza n'amakosa asa n'ayo ubutaha, bityo ukazigama umwanya n'imbaraga.