Nuclear sewage is not equal to nuclear waste, water, nuclear sewage is more harmful, including tritium, including 64 kinds of nuclear radioactive substances. After nuclear contaminated water enters the Marine environment, it is first transported by ocean currents and will spread to different oceans.
In addition, it will continue to be transmitted through the Marine ecosystem, such as the dissemination of the food chain, and may also enter the human body through the public intake of seafood, thus bringing certain potential impacts on the Marine ecosystem or human health. According to previous monitoring of the Fukushima nuclear accident, most of the contamination will travel east and then across the Pacific Ocean.
A small portion of these pollutants will enter the southwest through the western Pacific membrane water. Because the radioactive elements in nuclear wastewater are strongly radioactive and their physical properties are very stable, the current treatment of nuclear wastewater is to concentrate the radioactive elements through specific technical means, and then discharge the waste liquid that meets the radioactivity standard.
At present, the widely used nuclear wastewater treatment methods mainly include the following:
(1) Precipitation method: The precipitation method is to add a precipitating agent to the nuclear wastewater, and the co-precipitation reaction of the chemical composition and radioactive elements in the precipitating agent is used to achieve the purpose of reducing the content of radioactive elements in the nuclear wastewater. At present, the commonly used industrial precipitants mainly include aluminum and iron precipitants, lime soda precipitants and phosphate precipitants.
(2) Adsorption method: Adsorption method is a method of using adsorbents to adsorb radioactive elements, which is a physical treatment method. Due to the developed pore structure and large specific surface area, the adsorbent has a strong adsorption capacity. At present, the commonly used adsorbents are activated carbon, zeolite and so on.
(3) Ion exchange method: The principle of ion exchange method is to use ion exchangers to carry out ion exchange with nuclear wastewater, so as to remove radioactive ion exchange in nuclear wastewater. The radioactive ions contained in nuclear wastewater are mostly cations, so the positively charged active groups in the ion exchanger can be exchanged with the radioactive cations, and the radioactive ions can be exchanged into the exchanger. Commonly used ion exchangers are divided into organic and inorganic ion exchangers two categories, organic ion exchangers are mainly various ion exchange resins, inorganic ion exchangers are artificial zeolite, vermiculite and so on.
Post time: Aug-28-2023