Kedu ihe bụ ngwa nke nanofiltration NF membranes?

2. Ngwa nke nanofiltration akpụkpọ anụ na mmiri ọṅụṅụ dị ọcha.

N'ihi ihe fọdụrụ nke mmetọ mmiri, nnwale ịdị mma nke ihe ndị metụtara ya egosila na nanofiltration membranes nwere ike wepu ngwaahịa ndị dị ntakịrị na-egbu egbu, herbicides fọdụrụnụ, pesticides, ihe ndị sitere n'okike, ihe ndị sitere n'okike, ogo mmiri na sulfide na-emepụta na usoro disinfection. Nnu na nitrate, wdg Ọ nwekwara uru nke ezi mmiri mma, kwụsie ike, ala onunu ogwu nke chemicals, obere mma, ike-azọpụta, njikwa na mmezi, na ihu ọma efu ipu. Ya mere, akpụkpọ anụ nanofiltration nwere ike bụrụ teknụzụ kachasị amasị maka ịdị ọcha dị ọcha na narị afọ 21st.

3. Ngwa nke nanofiltration akpụkpọ anụ na nnu na porous elu.
N'ime mmepe nke ntinye nnu na mmiri dị n'ime ala, na mpaghara ndị ọrụ ugbo na-achịkwa, njirimara mmiri dị nso na nso nso, a pụkwara iji teknụzụ osmosis na-egwupụta nnu na ihe ndị ọzọ. Mana n'ihi na mgbake mmiri dị oke elu. N'otu oge ahụ, ọgwụgwọ nke condensate bụkwa nsogbu. N'ozuzu, a chọrọ usoro mgbanwe ion iji gwọọ mmiri na-adịghị.

N'aka nke ọzọ, ion mgbanwe resins ọkachamma ịgbanwe divalent na elu-valent ion. Ọ bụrụ na ọdịnaya dị oke ọnụ na ngwọta mbelata na-abawanye ọnụ ahịa nhazi, nrụpụta etiti etiti ga-ebu ụzọ bulie nnukwu mmiri buru ibu. A na-emeso nnu nnu dị elu na akpụkpọ anụ nanofiltration wee mesoo ya na usoro mgbanwe ion, enwere ike ịgbatị oge ọgwụgwọ site na 2 ruo 3 ugboro.

Ihe ngwọta nwere ọnụ ọgụgụ buru ibu nke inorganic salts. Mgbe kọlụm mgbanwe sodium ion gasịrị, a na-agbanwe ion inorganic site na chlorides. N'oge a, ọdịnaya nitrate dị na mmiri na-emezu ihe ndị a chọrọ nke nnu inorganic. Uru ya bụ: ọ nwere ike ịbanye nitrates, na mgbake mmiri dị elu. A na-eji usoro a eme ihe na Germany.

4. Ngwa nke nanofiltration akpụkpọ anụ na akwukwo ọgwụgwọ.
N'ihi na nke fọdụrụ nwere nnukwu ego nke owu, nke nwere ike ịbanye ma banye n'ime ibe ya, osisi ojii na osisi mkpasu iwe na-emepụta na usoro nke ịmịcha osisi ojii na osisi pulp na-etinye obi gị dum site na mmewere na usoro ntinye n'ihi na ọtụtụ ihe organic na peat. A na-ebo ebubo na-adịghị mma ma na-adị mfe ebubo nke ọma. A na-ebibi akpụkpọ ahụ nanofiltration kama ịkpata mmetọ dị njọ. Dị ka ihe atụ, nanofiltration membranes na-eji decolor nke mkpofu mmiri mmiri na-emepụta na alkali mmịpụta ogbo nke osisi pulping, na rịbọn akpụkpọ ahụ, biomembrane na ala lignin na mkpofu mmiri mmiri nwere ike intercepted, na monovalent ion ion nke na-adịghị mkpa ka a intercepted. nwere ike inwe obi ụtọ ọzọ site na akpụkpọ ahụ, ọnụ ọgụgụ decolorization nke ihe nkiri ahụ ruru 98%.

5. Ngwa nke nanofiltration membranes na ọgwụgwọ nsị dị elu.
Ọgwụgwọ filtration nke membrane bụkwa ụzọ dị mkpa iji ghọta nrụgharị nke nsị. Isi usoro ya gụnyere flocculation sedimentation, disinfection, na usoro ọgwụgwọ ndị ọzọ. Usoro mgbe ọgwụgwọ akpụkpọ ahụ gụnyekwara ọgwụgwọ akpụkpọ ahụ. Ha abụọ nwere ike iji mmiri emechara.

Nke isii, akpụkpọ ahụ nanofiltration nwere ngwa aghụghọ na ọgwụgwọ ahụ.
N'ime usoro electroplating na usoro mmepụta alloy, a na-ehichapụ ọtụtụ mmiri n'ihi oke ọla kọpa, dị ka nickel, iron, na zinc. Haziri n'ime sediments, ọ bụrụ na ejiri teknụzụ nanofiltration akpụkpọ anụ mee ihe, enwere ike nwetaghachi ihe karịrị 90% nke akụkụ ahụ maka ịdị ọcha, na ezigbo uru nwere ike belata ugboro 10 ka e wee nwee ike ijikwa mbelata ahụ ọzọ.

N'okpuru ọnọdụ kwesịrị ekwesị, nanofiltration membranes nwekwara ike nweta nkewa nke metal dị iche iche na ngwọta, dị ka nkewa nke Cd na Ni, buru ụzọ gbanwee ha n'ime CdCl2 na NiCl2, wee tinye NaCl iji mepụta ụlọ ndị ebubo na ndị na-enweghị ụgwọ n'otu n'otu. Mgbe ntinye nke NaCl bụ 01mol/L mgbe odidi dị na ngwọta, ọ na-adịkarị n'ụdị CdCl2, mana nickel adịghị adị n'ụdị ngwakọta. Ngwakọta ahụ dị n'ụdị ion nickel. A na-eji NF akwụ ụgwọ nke ọma na-egbochi ion nickel iji hapụ ka ọ na-agafe iji nweta nkewa n'etiti ọla.