Indle yenuzi ayilingani nemfucuza yenuzi, amanzi, indle yenuzi iyingozi kakhulu, okuhlanganisa ne-tritium, kuhlanganise nezinhlobo ezingu-64 zezinto ezikhipha imisebe yenuzi. Ngemva kokuba amanzi angcolile enyukliya engene endaweni yasolwandle, aqale athuthwe ngamaza olwandle futhi azosakazekela olwandle oluhlukene.
Ngaphezu kwalokho, izoqhubeka nokudluliselwa nge-ecosystem ye-Marine, njengokusabalalisa uchungechunge lokudla, futhi ingase ingene emzimbeni womuntu ngokudla komphakathi kwasolwandle, ngaleyo ndlela ilethe imithelela ethile engaba khona ku-ecosystem yasolwandle noma impilo yomuntu. Ngokusho kokuqapha kwangaphambilini kwengozi yenuzi yaseFukushima, ukungcola okuningi kuzohambela empumalanga bese kunqamula uLwandlekazi iPacific.
Ingxenye encane yalokhu kungcola izongena eningizimu-ntshonalanga ngePac esentshonalanga amanzi e-membrane ye-ific. Ngenxa yokuthi izakhi ezikhipha imisebe emanzini angcolile enuzi zinemisebe enamandla futhi izakhiwo zazo ezibonakalayo zizinzile kakhulu, ukwelashwa kwamanje kwamanzi angcolile enuzi kuwukugxilisa izakhi zemisebe ngokusebenzisa izindlela ezithile zobuchwepheshe, bese ukhipha uketshezi olulahlwayo oluhlangabezana nezinga le-radioactivity.
Njengamanje, izindlela zokuhlanza amanzi angcolile enuzi ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zihlanganisa lezi ezilandelayo:
(1)Indlela yemvula: Indlela yemvula iwukwengeza i-ejenti ethela amanzi emanzini angcolile enuzi, futhi ukusabela kwezulu ngokubambisana kokwakheka kwamakhemikhali nezinto ezikhipha imisebe esikhumbeni esithelayo kusetshenziswa ukufeza injongo yokunciphisa okuqukethwe kwezinto ezikhipha imisebe emanzini angcolile enyukliya. Njengamanje, izisetshenziswa ezisetshenziswa kakhulu zezimboni ikakhulukazi zifaka i-aluminium ne-iron precipitants, i-lime soda precipitants kanye ne-phosphate precipitants.
(2)Indlela ye-Adsorption: Indlela ye-Adsorption iyindlela yokusebenzisa ama-adsorbents ukukhangisa izinto ezinomsakazo, okuyindlela yokwelapha ngokomzimba. Ngenxa yesakhiwo se-pore esithuthukisiwe kanye nendawo enkulu yendawo ethize, i-adsorbent inomthamo oqinile we-adsorption. Njengamanje, ama-adsorbents asetshenziswa kakhulu yikhabhoni ecushiwe, i-zeolite nokunye.
(3)Indlela yokushintshanisa i-ion: Umgomo wendlela yokushintshanisa i-ion ukusebenzisa izishintshi ze-ion ukwenza ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion ngamanzi angcolile enuzi, ukuze kususwe ukushintshaniswa kwe-ion enemisebe emanzini angcolile enuzi. Ama-ion anemisebe aqukethwe emanzini angcolile enuzi ama-cations, ngakho-ke amaqembu asebenzayo ane-positively ku-exchanger ye-ion angashintshaniswa nama-radioactive cations, futhi ama-ion anemisebe angashintshwa abe isishintshi. Abashintshi be-ion abavame ukusetshenziswa bahlukaniswe abahwebi be-ion be-organic kanye ne-inorganic ion izigaba ezimbili, abashintshi be-ion be-organic bangama-resin okushintshana e-ion ahlukahlukene, abashintshi be-ion abangaphili yi-zeolite yokufakelwa, i-vermiculite nokunye.
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Aug-28-2023