Zimbudzi za nyukiliya sizifanana ndi zinyalala za nyukiliya, madzi, zimbudzi za nyukiliya zimakhala zovulaza, kuphatikizapo tritium, kuphatikizapo 64 mitundu ya zinthu zowononga nyukiliya. Madzi owonongeka a nyukiliya akalowa m'malo a Marine, amayamba kunyamulidwa ndi mafunde a m'nyanja ndipo amafalikira kunyanja zosiyanasiyana.
Kuphatikiza apo, ipitilira kufalikira kudzera mu chilengedwe cha Marine, monga kufalitsa chakudya, ndipo imatha kulowanso m'thupi la munthu kudzera m'zakudya zapagulu, motero kubweretsa zovuta zina pazachilengedwe za Marine kapena thanzi la anthu. Malinga ndi kuwunika koyambirira kwa ngozi ya nyukiliya ya Fukushima, kuipitsidwa kwambiri kumapita kummawa kenako kudutsa nyanja ya Pacific.
Gawo laling'ono la zoipitsa izi lidzalowa kumwera chakumadzulo kudzera kumadzulo kwa Pac ific membrane madzi. Chifukwa zinthu zotulutsa ma radiation m'madzi a nyukiliya zimakhala ndi ma radioactive kwambiri ndipo mawonekedwe ake akuthupi ndi okhazikika, njira yochitirapo madzi a nyukiliya ndikuyika zinthu za radioactive kudzera munjira zinazake zaukadaulo, kenako ndikutulutsa zinyalala zomwe zimakwaniritsa mulingo wa radioactivity.
Pakalipano, njira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pochizira madzi a nyukiliya zikuphatikizapo izi:
(1)Njira yamvula: Njira ya mpweya ndi kuwonjezera chinthu precipitating ku madzi zinyalala nyukiliya, ndi co-precipitation reaction ya mankhwala zikuchokera ndi ma radioactive zinthu mu precipitating agent amagwiritsidwa ntchito kukwaniritsa cholinga kuchepetsa zili radioactive zinthu mu madzi zinyalala nyukiliya. Pakadali pano, zopangira zomwe zimagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri m'mafakitale makamaka zimaphatikiza zopangira aluminiyamu ndi chitsulo, zopangira laimu soda ndi phosphate precipitants.
(2)Njira ya Adsorption: Njira ya Adsorption ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito ma adsorbents kuti adsorb radioactive element, yomwe ndi njira yochizira thupi. Chifukwa cha mapangidwe a pore opangidwa ndi malo akuluakulu apadera, adsorbent ali ndi mphamvu zokopa. Pakadali pano, ma adsorbents omwe amagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri ndi activated carbon, zeolite ndi zina zotero.
(3)Njira yosinthira ion: Mfundo ya njira yosinthira ma ion ndikugwiritsa ntchito ma ion exchanger kuchita kusinthana kwa ion ndi madzi otayira a nyukiliya, kuti achotse kusinthana kwa ma radioactive ion mumadzi onyansa a nyukiliya. Ma ion a radioactive omwe ali m'madzi onyansa a nyukiliya nthawi zambiri amakhala ma cations, kotero magulu omwe ali ndi mwayi wokhala mu ion exchanger amatha kusinthana ndi ma radioactive cations, ndipo ma ion a radioactive amatha kusinthidwa kukhala exchanger. Ambiri ntchito ion exchangers anawagawa organic ndi inorganic ion exchangers magulu awiri, organic ion exchangers makamaka zosiyanasiyana ion kuwombola utomoni, inorganic ion exchangers ndi yokumba zeolite, vermiculite ndi zina zotero.
Nthawi yotumiza: Aug-28-2023