Yuav ua li cas nrog RO membrane fouling
Membrane fouling yog hais txog qhov irreversible phenomenon nyob rau hauv uas hais, colloidal hais, los yog solute macromolecules nyob rau hauv lub pub kua nyob rau hauv kev sib cuag nrog lub membrane adsorb thiab tso rau ntawm daim nyias nyias los yog pores vim lub cev los yog tshuaj cuam tshuam nrog lub membrane, los yog concentration polarization uas ua rau tej yam solutes kom tshaj lawv solubility nyob rau hauv ib tug loj npaum li cas ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg los yog ib tug txo nyob rau hauv lub membrane. flux thiab cais cov yam ntxwv.
Kev kis kab mob microbial
1) Yog vim li cas rau nws tsim
Microbial contamination yog hais txog qhov tshwm sim uas cov kab mob sib sau ua ke ntawm cov dej membrane, yog li cuam tshuam rau kev ua haujlwm ntawm lub cev. Cov kab mob no sib npaug thiab loj hlob siv rov qab osmosis daim nyias nyias raws li cov neeg nqa khoom thiab cov khoom noj los ntawm cov dej concentrated ntawm rov qab osmosis, tsim cov txheej txheej biofilm rau ntawm qhov rov qab osmosis membrane. Qhov no ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov nkag thiab qhov hluav taws xob ntawm qhov rov qab osmosis system, qhov txo qis hauv dej thiab desalination tus nqi, thiab cov dej paug ntawm cov khoom. Biofilms tsim los ntawm cov kab mob tuaj yeem ncaj qha (los ntawm kev ua enzymatic) lossis tsis ncaj (los ntawm pH hauv zos lossis txo qhov peev xwm) degrade membrane polymers lossis lwm yam rov qab osmosis chav tsev, ua rau luv luv membrane lifespan, kev puas tsuaj rau daim nyias nyias kev ntseeg siab, thiab txawm tias lub cev loj tsis ua haujlwm.
2) Cov txheej txheem tswj
Txoj kev tswj kev ua paug lom lom tuaj yeem ua tiav los ntawm kev ua kom tsis tu ncua lossis cuam tshuam kom tsis muaj menyuam thiab tua cov dej nkag. Sterilization thiab dosing devices yuav tsum tau muab ntsia rau cov dej nyoos uas tau sau los ntawm qhov chaw thiab qhov tob hauv av, thiab cov tshuaj chlorine fungicides yuav tsum tau ntxiv. Qhov ntau npaum li cas feem ntau yog raws li cov ntsiab lus chlorine seem nyob rau hauv qhov muaj zog ntau dua 1mg / L.
Tshuaj fouling
1) Yog vim li cas rau nws tsim
Feem ntau ua rau muaj kuab paug tshuaj lom neeg yog cov deposition ntawm carbonate scale nyob rau hauv daim nyias nyias, uas feem ntau yog vim misoperation, tsis tiav scale inhibitor dosing system, thiab cuam tshuam ntawm scale inhibitor dosing thaum lub sij hawm ua hauj lwm. Yog tias tsis kuaj pom raws sijhawm, qhov tshwm sim ntawm kev ua haujlwm siab, nce siab sib txawv, thiab txo cov dej ntau lawm yuav tshwm sim hauv ob peb hnub. Yog hais tias qhov kev xaiv scale inhibitor tsis phim cov dej zoo lossis qhov ntau npaum li cas tsis txaus, kev ntsuas hauv cov txheej txheem membrane kuj yuav tshwm sim. Kev ntsuas me me hauv cov txheej txheem membrane tuaj yeem rov qab los rau nws txoj haujlwm los ntawm kev siv tshuaj tua kab mob, thiab thaum muaj xwm txheej hnyav, nws tuaj yeem ua rau qee qhov ua rau muaj kuab paug ntau dhau los ntawm cov ntaub so ntswg.
2) Cov txheej txheem tswj
Txoj kev tswj hwm los tiv thaiv kev ntsuas hauv cov txheej txheem membrane yog thawj zaug xaiv qhov tsim nyog rov qab osmosis nplai inhibitor rau cov dej zoo ntawm cov kab ke, thiab txiav txim siab qhov pom zoo npaum li cas. Qhov thib ob, ntxiv dag zog rau kev saib xyuas ntawm kev siv tshuaj, ua tib zoo saib xyuas cov kev hloov pauv hloov pauv hauv kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo, thiab txheeb xyuas qhov ua rau muaj qhov txawv txav. Tsis tas li ntawd, qhov siab Fe3 + cov ntsiab lus hauv dej feem ntau tshwm sim los ntawm cov kav dej. Yog li ntawd, steel lined yas kav yuav tsum tau siv ntau li ntau tau rau cov kav dej, nrog rau cov kav dej, kom txo tau Fe3 + cov ntsiab lus.
Tshem tawm cov khoom me me thiab colloidal pollution
1) Yog vim li cas rau nws tsim
Cov khoom raug tshem tawm thiab cov colloids yog cov khoom tseem ceeb uas txhaws rov qab osmosis daim nyias nyias, thiab lawv kuj yog cov laj thawj tseem ceeb rau ntau tshaj qhov SDI (sludge density index). Vim qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov chaw dej thiab cheeb tsam, muaj qhov sib txawv tseem ceeb hauv cov khoom ntawm cov khoom tshem tawm thiab cov colloids. Cov khoom tseem ceeb ntawm cov dej tsis huv thiab cov dej hauv av ntiav yog cov kab mob, av nplaum, colloidal silica, hlau oxides, humic acid cov khoom, nrog rau cov khoom siv ntau dhau ntawm cov coagulants thiab coagulants (xws li hlau ntsev, txhuas ntsev, thiab lwm yam) nyob rau hauv pretreatment system. Tsis tas li ntawd, nag lossis daus tsim los ntawm kev sib xyaw ua ke ntawm cov khoom muaj txiaj ntsig zoo polymers hauv cov dej nyoos thiab cov nqi tsis zoo hauv cov txheej txheem rov qab osmosis kuj yog ib qho ua rau muaj kuab paug.
2) Cov txheej txheem tswj
Thaum cov khoom raug tshem tawm hauv cov dej nyoos ntau tshaj 70mg / L, coagulation, kev qhia meej, thiab kev lim dej ua ntej feem ntau yog siv; Thaum cov ntsiab lus tshem tawm hauv cov dej nyoos tsawg dua 70mg / L, coagulation pom feem ntau yog siv rau kev kho ua ntej; Thaum cov ntsiab lus tshem tawm hauv cov dej nyoos tsawg dua 10mg / L, feem ntau yog siv txoj kev pom ncaj qha ua ntej. Tsis tas li ntawd, microfiltration los yog ultrafiltration yog ib txoj kev kho membrane zoo rau turbidity thiab insoluble organic teeb meem uas tau tshwm sim tsis ntev los no. Nws tuaj yeem tshem tawm tag nrho cov khib nyiab, cov kab mob, feem ntau cov colloids, thiab cov organic teeb meem insoluble, thiab yog cov txheej txheem ua ntej zoo tshaj plaws rau kev rov qab osmosis.