Ungayisombulula njani ingxaki xa i-reverse osmosis membrane ingaphumeleli?

1.Yenza izinto ezi-3 kuqala: Susa "iimpazamo zobuxoki"

Linganisa kuqala

• iigeyiji zoxinzelelo, iimitha zokuhamba, kunye neemitha zokuqhuba umbane zihlala "zilele": umzekelo, imitha yokuhamba ibambekile, nto leyo eya kugweba gwenxa ukwehla kwemveliso yamanzi; Ukuba igeyiji yoxinzelelo ayichanekanga, isenokuphazanyiswa njengoxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga.
• Indlela elula yokulinganisa: sebenzisa i-spare pressure gauge ukuthelekisa amanzi angenayo / uxinzelelo lwamanzi oluxineneyo; Linganisa imitha yokuqhuba ngesisombululo esiqhelekileyo (umz. 100μS/cm) ukuqinisekisa idatha ethembekileyo.

Jonga idatha yembali ukuze ufumane "indawo yokuqala engaqhelekanga"

• Susa iirekhodi ezisebenzayo zeenyanga ezi-1-3 ezidlulileyo (ukuba awuyirekhodi, kufuneka uyikhumbule kwixesha elizayo!). ), thelekisa idatha ephambili ngaphambi nasemva kokusilela:
• Imveliso yamanzi yehlile? Ngaba kukho ukunyuka koxinzelelo ngaxeshanye?
• Umgangatho wamanzi uphantsi? Ngaba i-chlorine eseleyo kunye nokungcola kwamanzi amdaka ngequbuliso kudlule umgangatho oqhelekileyo?
• Uthelekiso lwedatha lunokukunceda unciphise umda, umzekelo, "ukuveliswa kwamanzi amancinci + ukunyuka koxinzelelo" kusenokwenzeka ukuba lungcoliseko, kwaye "ukuveliswa kwamanzi okungekuhle + i-chlorine eninzi eseleyo" isenokuba yi-membrane eyomisiweyo.

Linganisa umgangatho wamanzi asebenzayo ukuze uphelise "iingxaki zemvelaphi"

• Ukungena kwamanzi "yi-ration" ye-membrane, kwaye umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi ukhokelela ngokuthe ngqo ekungasebenzini, kugxilwe kwizinto ezi-3:
• Ukuguguleka: >1NTU = Ukungasebenzi kakuhle kwangaphambi konyango (umz. isihluzo sangasemva);
• I-chlorine eseleyo: >0.1mg/L = i-membrane kufuneka i-oxidized (i-activated carbon kufuneka itshintshwe);
• Ubunzima / umxholo we-silicon: iphezulu kakhulu kulula ukuyilinganisa, kwaye uphando olulandelayo kufuneka lugxile kuyo.
• Iingcebiso: Sebenzisa "indlela yokutshiza" ukulinganisa iintsholongwane, kwaye ukuqhuma ngequbuliso kweebhaktheriya kuya kubangela ukuba i-membrane "ihlasele".

2.Iimeko ezintathu eziphambili zempazamo, uphando oluthatha inyathelo ngenyathelo (kunye neengcinga zesisombululo)

Imeko 1: Ukwehla okukhulu kwemveliso yamanzi (lumkela ukuhla okungaphezulu kwe-10%). Makhe siqale sijonge "ingxaki engeyiyo i-membrane": Ngaba iparameter ayisebenzi?

• Ubushushu bamanzi okungena buphantsi?

Kwi-1° nganyeUkwehla kobushushu nge-C, imveliso yamanzi iyancipha nge-2-3%! Umzekelo, ukuba amanzi angaphantsi komhlaba abandayo ebusika, vula ngokukhawuleza isixhobo sokufudumeza, usilungise sibe ngama-20-25.°C (ubushushu obufanelekileyo be-membrane), kwaye ujonge ukuba umthamo wamanzi ubuyele kwimeko yesiqhelo na.

• Awuxinezelekanga ngokwaneleyo?

Ukuba uxinzelelo lwamanzi angena ngaphakathi lungaphantsi kwe-1.0MPa (jonga imodeli ye-membrane, ezinye ziyi-1.5MPa), jonga ipompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu: Ngaba umbane uqhelekile? Ngaba ivalvu yokungenisa ivuliwe ngokupheleleyo? Ukuba umahluko woxinzelelo lwesihluzo sangaphambi konyango udlula i-0.1MPa, kufuneka ihlanjwe ngasemva, kwaye uxinzelelo aluyi kunyuka ukuba luvaliwe.

• Izinga lokurisayikilisha liphezulu kakhulu?

Izinga lokubuyisela amanzi lidlula ixabiso loyilo ngaphezulu kwe-10%, uxinzelelo lwamanzi axineneyo luphezulu kakhulu, kwaye i-membrane "ayinakudlula emanzini". Lungisa ivalvu yokukhupha amanzi aqinileyo ukuze unciphise izinga lokubuyisela amanzi, uze ujonge umthamo wamanzi.

• Jonga kwakhona "i-membrane ngokwayo": ingaba ivaliwe okanye yaphukile?
• Inyathelo 1: Jonga "Umahluko phakathi koxinzelelo lwamanzi oluxineneyo nolungenamthungo"
  Umahluko oqhelekileyo woxinzelelo Ukunyuka kancinci koxinzelelo oluhlukeneyo (iinyanga ezi-1-3) + i-gradient yamanzi: i-colloidal/organic contamination (susa i-membrane enye yesiphelo ukuze ubone ukuba kukho umaleko onamathelayo okanye i-deposit emthubi-mdaka phezu komphezulu).
• Inyathelo lesi-2: Qinisekisa uhlobo longcoliseko
  Ukulinganisa okucingelwayo (ubulukhuni obugqithisileyo bokungena kwamanzi): linganisa ubulukhuni bamanzi axineneyo, okanye uzame nge-pickling (i-citric acid 1-3%), ukuba ingahlanjwa, yi-scaling;
  Ungcoliseko olucingelwayo lwebhayoloji: khwehlela intlenga phezu komphezulu we-membrane, ubone ukuba kukho iintsholongwane phantsi kwe-microscope, uze uzibulale iintsholongwane kuqala uze uzihlambe nge-alkali.
• Inyathelo lesi-3: Jonga ukuba kukho umonakalo obonakalayo kwifilimu. Emva kokuphelisa ungcoliseko kunye neengxaki zeparameter, susa igobolondo lefilimu uze ujonge:
  Isangqa sokutywina: ukuguga kunye nokuguquka kuya kukhokelela ekujikelezweni kwamanzi okuxinzelelweyo, okuchaphazela ngokungathanga ngqo umthamo wamanzi, zama ukutshintsha uye kwisangqa esitsha sokutywina;
  I-Diaphragm: Kukho imibimbi kunye nokukrazuka (njengoxinzelelo lwepompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu ngokukhawuleza kakhulu), kwaye izinto ze-membrane zinokutshintshwa kuphela, akukho ndlela yimbi.

Imeko yesi-2: Umgangatho ophantsi wamanzi avelisiweyo (ukuqhuba okuphezulu / i-TDS)

• Ngaba isitywino se-membrane element siphukile?

"Iringi yokutywina ityhubhu ephakathi" kuzo zombini iziphelo ze-membrane iyaguga kwaye ayilungelelananga kakuhle, kwaye amanzi axineneyo aya kuphuma kwityhubhu ephakathi aye emanzini okuvelisa. Xa ifilimu isusiwe, iringi yerabha iyaqhekeka kwaye iguquguquka, kwaye ithathelwa indawo yintsha.

• Ingaba isigqubuthelo sokugqibela seqokobhe le-membrane siyavuza?

Faka amanzi anesepha kumthungo wesigqubuthelo sokugqibela, ukuba kukho amaqamza, aya kuvuza! Buyisela i-O-ring, qinisa ibholithi ngokulinganayo, ungayijiki ngendlela egobileyo.

✨ Iingcebiso: Indlela yophando lwe-membrane enye
Ukuba ii-membranes ezininzi ziqhagamshelwe ngokulandelelana, i-membrane nganye iqhagamshelwe kwisixhobo sovavanyo ngokwahlukeneyo, kwaye umbane ulinganiswa ngomngxuma wamanzi oqhelekileyo.

• Jonga "ukusebenza kwe-membrane" kwakhona: Ingaba iyehla?
• Ukuwohloka kancinci kancinci (iinyanga ezi-1-3): Ungcoliseko olunokwenzeka kakhulu

Ungcoliseko lwezinto eziphilayo (umz., i-humic acid) luya kugubungela umphezulu we-membrane, lunciphise izinga lokugcina, kwaye luhlambe nge-alkali wash (sodium hydroxide 0.5-1%) + surfactant;
I-Biofilm iya kutshabalalisa isakhiwo se-membrane, kuqala i-sterilize (i-sodium hypochlorite 50-100mg/L yokucwilisa), ize emva koko ihlanjwe nge-alkali.

• Ukuwohloka ngequbuliso (iintsuku ezi-1-2): Lumka "kwi-membrane oxidation"

Ukuba i-chlorine eseleyo emanzini anamandla ilinganiswa ngaphezulu kwe-0.1mg/L, "i-skeleton" ye-membrane (i-polyamide enuka kamnandi) iya kuphazamiseka, kwaye izinga lokugcina liya kuncitshiswa ngonaphakade! Kwimeko enjalo, ungayitshintsha ifilimu kuphela, kwaye kwixesha elizayo kufuneka ujonge i-chlorine eseleyo. Okokugqibela, jonga "unyango lwangaphambi konyango": Ngaba ayithinteli ungcoliseko?

• Unyango lwangaphambi kwexesha "luluhlu lokuqala lokuzikhusela" olungaphumeleliyo xa izinto ezingcolisayo zisetyenziswa ngqo kwifilimu:
• Isihluzi seendaba ezininzi: umahluko woxinzelelo udlula i-0.15MPa ngaphandle kokuhlamba umva, inkunkuma ingena kwifilimu;
• Isihluzi sekhabhoni esisebenzayo: sisetyenziswe ixesha elingaphezu kwesiqingatha sonyaka, ukungena kweklorini eseleyo, ifilimu ye-oxide;
• Isihluzi esichanekileyo: Inxalenye yesihluzi ayitshintshwa kangangeenyanga ezingaphezu kwe-3-6, kwaye amasuntswana avala i-membrane.
• Isisombululo: Hlamba i-backwash, tshintsha i-backwash, lungisa i-pre-treatment uze ujonge umgangatho wamanzi.

Imeko 3: Uxinzelelo olungaqhelekanga lokusebenza (ukunyuka ngequbuliso / ukwehla ngequbuliso)

• Ingaba umbhobho woxinzelelo uvaliwe?

Jonga ivalvu yokukhupha amanzi aqinileyo: zama ukuyitshintsha ngesandla, ingaba inamathele? Imitha yokugeleza kwamanzi etyebileyo iyasuswa ukuze kucocwe ukungcola okungaphakathi, kwaye ukuba ivaliwe, amanzi aqinileyo akayi kukwazi ukuphuma kwaye uxinzelelo luya kunyuka.

• Ingaba i-membrane runner ivaliwe?

Ungcoliseko lwamasuntswana luya kuvala umjelo wokuhamba kwesiphelo sokungena sefilimu, ukuba kukho ukuqokelelwa kwamasuntswana kwisiphelo sokungena, hlambulula ngamanzi anoxinzelelo oluphezulu angaphantsi kwe-0.3MPa, ungasebenzisi uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu, luya kuyihlamba ifilimu.

• Ukuvuza ecaleni kokungena kwamanzi?

Jonga umbhobho wokungena kwamanzi, iflange yepompo enoxinzelelo oluphezulu: ngaba kukho ukuvuza? Ukuba ibholithi ikhululiwe kwaye iqinisiwe, i-gasket iya kutshintshwa ukuba iphukile, kwaye ukuvuza kwamanzi kuya kubangela ukuba uxinzelelo lokwenyani lunganeli.

• Ingaba ipompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu iphukile?

Mamela isandi sepompo: ukuba kukho ingxolo engaqhelekanga, i-impeller igugile; Jonga umbane: umbane ophantsi usenokuba ubangelwa kukungena kwepompo. Yahlula ipompo ukuze ilungiswe, kwaye uyitshintshe ipompo ukuba ayisebenzi.

• I-membrane iphukile?

I-diaphragm ikrazukile kwindawo enkulu, kwaye amanzi angenayo angena ngqo emanzini okuvelisa, kwaye uxinzelelo alunakwakhiwa, nto leyo eya kukhokelela kumgangatho ophantsi wamanzi. Ukuba kukho umngxuma, tshintsha ifilimu.

• Okufanele ukwenze emva kophando: qinisekisa + bhala phantsi ukuze uphephe ukuphinda ulwaphulo-mthetho olulandelayo
• Qinisekisa isiphumo:

ukuba iiparameters zilungisiwe, ziqhube rhoqo iiyure ezingama-24 ukuze ubone ukuba umthamo wamanzi, umgangatho wamanzi, kunye noxinzelelo zibuyele esiqhelweni na;

Ukuba ifilimu ihlanjiwe, izinga lokubuyiselwa kwamanzi emva kokuhlamba kufuneka libe ≥ 80%, kwaye umgangatho wamanzi kufuneka uhlangabezane nomgangatho ukuze uthathwe njengophumeleleyo;

Ukuba ifilimu itshintshiwe, hlambulula ngoxinzelelo oluphantsi imizuzu engama-30 (ngaphantsi kwe-0.2MPa) emva kokutshintshwa, uze uyisebenze ngendlela eqhelekileyo.

• Isikhumbuzo soKhuseleko:

Uphando lwexesha lokungasebenzi kufuneka luqale lunciphise uxinzelelo! Cima ipompo yoxinzelelo oluphezulu kwaye uvule ivalvu yokukhupha amanzi ukuze uphephe uxinzelelo oluphezulu lwegobolondo le-membrane kunye nokwenzakala ngexesha lokuqhaqha; Susa ifilimu kwaye uyiphathe ngobunono, ungayiphuli i-membrane.

• Gcina ingxelo elungileyo:

Bhala phantsi inkqubo yophando, izizathu, kunye nezisombululo, uze uzithelekise ngokuthe ngqo neziphene ezifanayo kwixesha elizayo, wonge ixesha nomgudu.