Maitiro ekuita saizi yesystem yeRO yeindasitiri

Heino gwara nhanho nhanho rezviyero zvakakosha uye maverengero anobatanidzwa mukukura kwehurongwa hweRO hweindasitiri.

 

Danho 1: Tsanangura Zvinodiwa Zvikuru ("Chii")

1. Mwero weKuyerera kweMvura yeChigadzirwa (Qp): Ichi ndicho chinhu chikuru chinodiwa. Magaroni mangani paminiti (GPM) kana ma cubic metres paawa (m)³/h) yemvura yakachena yaunoda nguva dzose here? (semuenzaniso, 100 GPM yefekitori yekugadzira).
2. Hunhu hweMvura yeChigadzirwa: Tsanangura huwandu hwepamusoro hunogamuchirwa hweTotal Dissolved Solids (TDS) kana huwandu hwakati hwemaion (semuenzaniso, silica, sodium, chlorides) mumvura inoyerera. Izvi zvinosarudza huwandu hunodiwa hwekurambwa kwemunyu.
3. Kunobva Mvura Inoyerera Uye Kuongorora: Iyi ndiyo data rakakosha zvikuru. Kuongorora mvura kwakazara hakugone kutaurirana. Zvikamu zvikuru:

    ◦TDS, Kufambisa Kwemhepo

    ◦Silt Density Index (SDI) kana Turbidity (inoyera kugona kwekusvibisa)

    ◦Kuwanda kwe: Calcium, Magnesium (kuoma), Barium, Strontium (zvigadziko zvesimbi), Silica, Iron, Manganese

    ◦pH, Tembiricha

    ◦Chlorine yemahara (inofanira kunge isina chinhu kudzivirira membranes)

4. Mamiriro Ekushanda: Maawa pazuva, mazuva pavhiki, kudiwa kwehurongwa hwemagetsi.

 

Danho rechipiri: Kuverenga Kwakakosha Kwekugadzira (Izvo "Zvakawanda Sei")

Nezvinodiwa zviri pamusoro apa, unoita maverengero aya:

1. Mwero weKudzoreredza Sisitimu (%R): Chikamu chemvura inoyerera chinoshandurwa kuita mvura yechigadzirwa.

    ◦Fomura: R (%) = (Kuyerera Kwechigadzirwa / Kuyerera Kwechikafu) x 100

    ◦Chinhu Chinogumira: Kudzoreredza mvura kunogumira pakukwanisa kwayo kukura. Kudzoreredza mvura zvakanyanya zvinoreva kuti mvura inoyerera (inorambwa) inova yakawanda, zvichiita kuti mvura ipinde muropa. Software (seROSA kubva kuDow/Chemours) inoshandiswa kuratidza huwandu hwemvura inoyerera zvichibva pamakemikari emvura, kuyerwa kwemvura, uye kugadziriswa kwepH.

2. Chinhu Chinokonzera Kugadzikana (CF): Chine chekuita nekupora.

    ◦Fomura: CF = 1 / (1 - R) kana CF = Feed TDS / Concentrate TDS

    ◦Muenzaniso: Pakupora kwe75%, huwandu hwacho hunowanda zvakapetwa ka4 kupfuura huwandu hwechikafu (CF = 1/(1-0.75) = 4).

3. Zvinodiwa Pakuyerera Kwechikafu (Qf):

    ◦Fomura: Qf = Qp / R

    ◦Muenzaniso: Kana uchida 100 GPM yechigadzirwa (Qp) pa75% yekudzoreredza (R), unoda feed flow ye: 100 / 0.75 = 133.3 GPM.

4. Kuyerera kweConcentrate (Ramba) (Qc):

    ◦Fomura: Qc = Qf - Qp

    ◦Muenzaniso: 133.3 - 100 = 33.3 GPM.

5. Dhizaini yeMembrane Array:

    ◦Masisitimu emaindasitiri akavakwa mu "arrays" (semuenzaniso, 2:1, 3:2:1 array) kuti irambe iine kumhanya kwakakwana kwekufamba kwemvura pamusoro pe membrane, izvo zvinoderedza kusvibiswa.

    ◦Huwandu hwemidziyo yekumanikidza (dzimba) uye membranes hunoenderana nekuyerera kwekudya kunodiwa uye zvinodiwa nemugadziri wemidziyo yekuyerera kwemvura.

6. Kuyerera (GPD/ft)² kana LMH): Mwero wekuyerera kwemvura inoyerera pachikamu chimwe nechimwe chemembrane.

    ◦Fomura yenzvimbo yese ye membrane inodiwa: Nzvimbo = Qp / Flux

    ◦Nzira dzekushandisa mvura: Dzakasarudzwa zvichienderana nemhando yemvura inoyerera (mvura shoma inoyerera kuti mvura isasvibiswe zvakanaka kuderedza kusvibiswa).

        ▪RO Inoyerera (Pass yechipiri): 20-30 GFD

        ▪Mvura yetsime: 12-18 GFD

        ▪Mvura Yepamusoro: 8-14 GFD

        ▪Mvura Yakasviba: 7-12 GFD

 

Danho rechitatu: Kukura Kwekurapwa Kwepamberi & Kukura Kwekurapwa Mushure Mekurapwa ("Sisitimu Yekutsigira")

RO haigone kushanda yoga. Saizi yayo ndiyo inosarudza saizi yemidziyo yese inotsigira.

1. Kurapa usati watanga (KUNOFANIRA kugadzirwa zvichibva pakuongorora kwemvura inoyerera):

    ◦Sefa yeMultimedia: Yekubvisa zvinhu zvakasimba zvakamiswa. Saizi yeFeed Flow (Qf) pahuwandu hwesevhisi ye5-10 GPM/ft².

    ◦Nyorovesa kana kuti Antiscalant Injection: Kudzora kukura. Nyorovesa yakagadzirwa saizi yeFeed Flow (Qf) uye kuomarara kwayo.

    ◦Sefa yeCarbon kana Sodium Bisulfite Injection: Yekubvisa chlorine. Saizi yeQf.

    ◦Sefa yeCartridge (5)µ mafirita ekuchengetedza): Saizi yeQf.

2. Sarudzo yePombi Yekudzvanyirira Kwakanyanya:

    ◦Inofanira kupa Qf pakumanikidzwa kunodiwa kuti ikunde kumanikidzwa kwe osmotic kwekudya kwakasimba uye kurasikirwa kwekumanikidzwa kwesystem.

    ◦Kumanikidzwa kunowanzo bva pa 150-300 psi yemvura ine munyu, 800-1200 psi yemvura yegungwa.

3. Mushure mekurapwa:

    ◦Chinobvisa gasi kana Membrane Contactor: Kubvisa CO2₂ kana pH yakagadziriswa.

◦Muchina wekuchenesa mubhedha wakasanganiswa (CEDI/EDI): Wemvura yakachena kwazvo. Saizi yeQp.

 

Danho rechina: Kurongeka kweSisitimu & Kugadzira Zvikamu

• Kupfuura Kwega vs. Kupfuura Kwekaviri (Kweviri): Kupfuura kamwe chete kunogona kukwana. Kana zvichidikanwa TDS yakaderera zvikuru (semuenzaniso, kune mabhoyira ane pressure yakakwira, semiconductors), kupindira kubva pakupinda kwekutanga kunova feed kune yechipiri RO system.
• Kugadzirisa Kuisa Mano muMatanho: Kuti kuwedzere kupora kwese, kusanganisa kubva kubhengi rekutanga rema membranes kunozopedzisira kwava kudyisa kune rimwe bhengi. Iyi ndiyo pfungwa ye "2:1 array".

Pfupiso: Rondedzero yeSaizi

Chiratidzo cheParamende Maitiro Acho

 

Zvinodiwa zvekushandisa mushandisi wekupedzisira pakuyerera kwechigadzirwa Qp

Kuongorora Mvura Yekudya - Bvunzo yeLab. Hwaro hwedhizaini.

Kudzoreredza Sisitimu R Kunoderedzwa nekukwanisa kuwedzera kugona (kuburikidza nesoftware modeling)

Kuyerera Kwechikafu Qf Qp / R

Kuyerera kweConcentrate Qc Qf - Qp

Flux Rate J Zvichienderana nehunhu hwemvura inowanikwa mumvura (nhungamiro)

Nzvimbo yeMembrane Am Qp / J

Nhamba yeMakenduru N Am / Nzvimbo pakenduru (semuenzaniso, 400 ft²)

Nhamba yeMidziyo Inodzvinyirira - N / (membranes pamudziyo, kazhinji 6-7)

Array semuenzaniso, 4:2:1 Yakagadzirwa kuti ienzanise kuyerera uye kumhanya

Pombi Yekudzvanya Yakakwira - Inofanira kupa Qf pakudzvanya kunodiwa

Yambiro Yakakosha & Mazano

• Usazvibatise. Kurapa kusati kwanyanya kudiwa kana kuti kupora kwakanyanya kuchaita kuti membrane ikanganiswe nekukurumidza, zvichikonzera kutadza kushanda kwenguva refu uye mari yakawanda yekushanda.
• Shandisa Software yeUnyanzvi. Vagadziri veMembrane (DuPont, Hydranautics, LG) vanopa software yekugadzira yemahara (semuenzaniso, ROSA, IMSDesign) iyo inomiririra kudyidzana kwese kuripo pakati pemakemikari emvura, kudzoreredza, flux, uye scaling.
• Bvunza Nyanzvi. Kune chero kushandiswa kwechokwadi mumaindasitiri (> 50 GPM), itsika yakajairika kubatanidza mainjiniya ekugadzirisa masisitimu emvura kana musanganisi. Vachaita bvunzo yekuedza pamvura chaiyo, inova ndiyo chiyero chakanaka chekubvisa njodzi pakugadzira uye kuona saizi yakakodzera. HID inyanzvi yekugadzira masisitimu eRO membrane uye RO. Tinokugamuchirai bvunzai HID kuti muwane mhinduro yehunyanzvi kana mazano.