25 yakajairwa mhinduro dze reverse osmosis membrane tekinoroji dambudziko (Chikamu 4)

19. Ndeipi mhedzisiro yepH pachiyero chekubvisa, kugadzirwa kwemvura, uye hupenyu hwe membrane?

Iyo pH renji inoenderana nereverse osmosis membrane zvigadzirwa zvinowanzo 2-11, uye pH haina mhedzisiro pakuita kwe membrane pachayo, inova imwe yeakakosha maitiro akasiyana nezvimwe zvigadzirwa zve membrane. Nekudaro, maitiro emaion akawanda mumvura anokanganisa zvakanyanya pH. Semuenzaniso, kana maasidhi asina simba akadai secitric acid ari munzvimbo isiri-ionic pasi peyakaderera pH mamiriro, anopatsanura uye anove ionic pane yakakwirira pH kukosha. Pamusana pehupamhi hwepamusoro hweiyoni imwechete, chiyero chekubvisa che membrane chakakwirira. Kana iyo yekuchajisa yakaderera kana kwete, chiyero chekubvisa che membrane chakaderera. Naizvozvo, pH ine chekuita kwakakura pakubvisa mwero weimwe tsvina.

20. Ndehupi hukama pakati peTDS yemvura inouya uye conductivity?

Paunenge uchiwana iyo inlet conductivity kukosha, inofanirwa kushandurwa kuita TDS kukosha kuti igone kuiswa panguva yekugadzira software. Kune akawanda matsime emvura, chiyero che conductivity kune TDS chiri pakati pe 1.2 ne 1.7. Pakugadzirwa kweROSA, chiyero che1.4 chinoshandiswa kumvura yegungwa uye chiyero che1.3 chinoshandiswa pakushandura mvura yebrackish, iyo inowanzopa chiyero chakanaka chekushandura.

21.Ungaziva sei kana membrane yakasvibiswa?

Izvi zvinotevera zviratidzo zvinowanzoitika zvekusvibiswa:

1. Pasi pekumanikidzwa kwemaitiro, kugadzirwa kwemvura kunoderera
2. Kuti uwane yakajairwa kugadzirwa kwemvura, zvinodikanwa kuwedzera kushanda nesimba v
3. Kudonha kwesimba pakati peinopinza uye yakadzika mvura inowedzera nev
4. Huremu hwemembrane components hunowedzera ne v
5. Shanduko dzakakosha muyero yekubvisa membrane (kuwedzera kana kuderera)
6. Kana iyo chikamu ichibviswa kubva mumudziyo wekumanikidza, dururira mvura padivi rekupinza reiyo vertical membrane chikamu. Mvura haigone kuyerera kuburikidza nechikamu che membrane uye inongofashukira kubva kumagumo kumeso (inoratidza kuvharika kwakakwana kweiyo inlet chiteshi).

22. Nzira yekudzivirira sei kukura kwema microorganisms mukati mekutanga kurongedza kwemembrane zvikamu?

Kana iyo inodzivirira mhinduro ikava makore, zvinogona kunge zvichikonzerwa nekukura kwema microorganisms. Nhengo dzeMembrane dzakachengetedzwa nesodium bisulfite dzinofanirwa kuongororwa mwedzi mitatu yega yega. Kana iyo inodzivirira mhinduro ikaita makore, izvo zvikamu zvinofanirwa kubviswa kubva mubhegi rakavharwa rekuchengetera uye kunyudzwa zvakare mune nyowani yekudzivirira mhinduro ine concentration ye1% (kuburikidza nehuremu) chikafu chegiredhi sodium bisulfite (isina activated necobalt), yakanyoroveswa kweinenge 1 awa, uye yakavharwa zvakare. Izvo zvikamu zvinofanirwa kudonhedzwa zvisati zvagadziriswa.

23. Ndezvipi zvinodiwa zvekupinda mumvura zveRO membrane zvikamu?

Mune dzidziso, kupinda muRO neIX masisitimu hakufanirwe kuve neanotevera tsvina:

1. Yakarembera yakasimba, colloids, calcium sulfate, algae, mabhakitiriya, oxidants, senge residual chlorine, nezvimwe.
2. Mafuta kana lipid zvinhu (inofanirwa kunge iri pasi peiyo yakaderera yekuona muganho wechiridzwa)
3. Chromium complexes ye organic matter uye iron organic matter
4. Metal oxides senge corrosion zvigadzirwa zvesimbi, mhangura, uye aluminium

23. Ndezvipi zvitsvina zvinogona kubvisa RO membranes?

RO membrane inogona kunyatsobvisa ions uye organic matter. Reverse osmosis membrane ine yakakwirira yekubvisa chiyero kupfuura nanofiltration membrane. Reverse osmosis inogona kazhinji kubvisa 99% yemunyu mumvura yekudyisa, uye chiyero chekubvisa che organic matter mumvura yekudyisa ≥ 99%.

24. Unoziva sei nzira yekuchenesa yekushandisa kune yako membrane system?

Kuti uwane yakanakisa yekuchenesa mhedzisiro, zvakakosha kwazvo kusarudza inonangwa yekuchenesa vamiririri uye matanho ekuchenesa. Kucheneswa kusina kunaka kunogona kukanganisa mashandiro ehurongwa. Kazhinji kutaura, kune inorganic scaling zvinosvibisa, zvinokurudzirwa kushandisa acidic yekuchenesa mhinduro, microbial kana organic zvinosvibisa, uye alkaline yekuchenesa mhinduro inokurudzirwa.

Sei pH kukosha kweRO inogadzirwa mvura yakaderera pane pH kukosha kwemvura ine simba?

Kana chiyero chiri pakati peCO2, HCO3-, uye CO3=chikanzwisiswa, mhinduro yakanaka kumubvunzo uyu inogona kuwanikwa. Muchirongwa chakavharwa, zviri mukati me CO2, HCO3-, uye CO3= zvinosiyana ne pH kukosha. Pasi pemamiriro epH akaderera, CO2 inoverengera ruzhinji, iine HCO3- inotungamira mupakati pH renji uye CO3=inotungamira muhupamhi hwepH. Nekuda kwekugona kweRO membrane kubvisa maion anonyungudika asi asiri magasi anonyungudika, CO2 zvirimo mumvura yekugadzira RO zvakangofanana nezviri muRO influent. Zvisinei, HCO3- uye CO3 = inogona kazhinji kuderedzwa ne 1-2 mirairo yehukuru, iyo inogona kuputsa chiyero pakati pe CO2, HCO3-, uye CO3=mukukurudzira. Munhevedzano yemaitiro, CO2 ichasangana neH2O kuti iite zvinotevera kuenzana kuchinjirwa kudzamara pave nekuenzanisa kutsva.

Kana iyo inofurira iine CO2, iyo pH kukosha kweRO inogadzirwa mvura inogara ichiderera. Kune akawanda maRO masisitimu, iyo pH kukosha kweiyo reverse osmosis inogadzirwa mvura inoderera ne1-2 nguva. Kana iyo influent alkalinity uye HCO3- yakakwira, iyo pH kukosha kwemvura inogadzirwa inoderera zvakanyanya.

Mvura shoma shoma inopinda, ine CO2, HCO3- kana CO3 = shoma, inoguma nekusiyana kuduku mu pH kukosha kwemvura inogadzirwa. Mune dzimwe nyika nematunhu, kune mirairo yepH kukosha kwemvura yekunwa, kazhinji kubva pa6.5 kusvika 9.0. Maererano nekunzwisisa kwedu, izvi ndezvekudzivirira kuora kwepombi yemvura. Kunwa yakaderera pH mvura pachayo haizokonzeri chero matambudziko ehutano. Sezvinozivikanwa, zvinwiwa zvakawanda zvinotengeswa zvecarbonated zvine pH kukosha pakati pe2 ne4.