Ubwihindurize bw'amazi yo mu nyanja RO Membrane
Inkuru y'amazi yo mu nyanja RO itangira muri za 1960. Abahanga Sidney Loeb na Srinivasa Sourirajan bavumbuye membrane ya mbere muri iki gihe. Ibikorwa byabo byubaka byafunguye inzira ya tekinoroji yo kuvanamo amazi, bituma dushobora guhindura amazi yinyanja mumazi meza. By'umwihariko, mu 1961, Perezida wa Leta zunze ubumwe za Amerika, John F. Kennedy, yemeje ko amazi yo mu nyanja yamburwa amazi nk'umushinga w’igihugu, amenya akamaro kayo mu turere tubura amazi.
Alexander Zarchin, injeniyeri wo muri Isiraheli, yashyizeho uburyo butangaje bwo gusohora amashyuza mu myaka irenga 60 ishize. Yashishikarijwe n'umushakashatsi wa Arctic wabonye amazi yo kunywa ku rubura rwashonze, umurimo udasanzwe wa Zarchin watanze inzira yo gutera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga ryangiza. Uburyo yakoresheje bwarimo gukonjesha amazi yo mu nyanja mu cyuho, bigatuma urubura rwangirika, hanyuma akusanya amazi meza yavuyemo akanakusanya umunyu. Kuva icyo gihe, imyunyu ngugu yakomeje kwiyongera, itanga igisubizo gikomeye cyiterambere ry’amazi arambye ku isi.
Osmose ihindagurika nuburyo bukoreshwa cyane mukunyunyuza amazi yinyanja. Harimo guhatira amazi binyuze muri semipermeable membrane ihitamo kwemerera molekile zamazi gutambuka mugihe zifunga umunyu numwanda. Amazi yatunganijwe yegeranijwe kuruhande rumwe rwa membrane, hasigara ubwonko bwuzuye. RO itanga amazi meza utitaye kumyunyu ngugu. Irashobora gukoresha ingufu nyinshi kandi isaba ibikorwa remezo bikomeye. Byongeye kandi, gutunganya imyanda yuburozi ni ikibazo. Amazi yo mu nyanja n'amazi yumunyu mwinshi. Guhumeka no kuvoma birashobora gutwara megawatt-amasaha 80 kuri megaliter y'amazi yatanzwe. Mu burasirazuba bwo hagati, ibimera bikunze gukoresha ubushyuhe bwimyanda iva mumashanyarazi yegeranye hamwe namavuta ahendutse kugirango yongere ubushyuhe.
Inyanja Reverse Osmose (SWRO) ni uburyo bwo kuvanamo amazi bukoresha ibibyimba byihariye kugirango bikuremo umunyu n’umwanda mu mazi yo mu nyanja. Ibi bisobanuro byakoreshejwe mubucuruzi kuva mu ntangiriro ya za 70. Bitandukanye nuburyo gakondo bwo gusiba busaba ubushyuhe cyangwa impinduka zicyiciro, SWRO yishingikiriza kuri membrane, bigatuma ikoresha ingufu nyinshi
Byihuse kugeza uyumunsi, kandi dusanga HID Membrane Co., Ltd. kumwanya wambere mubikorwa bya RO membrane. HID yashinzwe mu 2008, yabaye umukinnyi ukomeye mu nganda, haba mu Bushinwa ndetse no ku isi yose.