Impamvu n'ibisubizo ku ihinduka ry'ururabo rw'umubiri mu buryo bwa Reverse Osmosis Membrane

1. Impamvu nyamukuru zitera kwangirika k'ururabo rwa RO

Bitewe n'ibintu byanduye, RO membrane fouling igabanyijemo ubwoko bune:

• Gupima Ibinyabutabire (Uburozi bushingiye ku bimera): Mu gihe cyo gupima RO, imyunyu ngugu ishongesha gato nka kalisiyumu, manyeziyumu, karubone, sulfate, na silicates mu mazi agaburira irenga urugero rw'ubushobozi bwayo bwo gushonga. Irakomera kandi ikabikika ku buso bw'urukiramende, igakora urwego rukomeye.
• Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa Organic na Colloidal (Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa Viscous): Ibintu karemano (urugero: aside humic), amavuta, surfactants, cyangwa uduce duto twakuwemo neza hamwe na colloids mu mazi yo kugaburira bifatanye n'ubuso bw'urukiramende. Ibi bikora urwego rw'amazi ahumanya ikirere rudakingira gusa imyenge y'urukiramende ahubwo runakuramo indi myanda.
• Guhumanya imiterere y'umubiri (Guhumanya imikorere y'imyororokere): Iyo imiti yica udukoko mu mazi yo mu biryo idahagije, udukoko nka bagiteri, ibihumyo n'ibimera byiyongera vuba ku buso bw'ururabo. Bikora biofilm ikomeye kandi bisohora metabolites zishobora kwangiza ibice by'ururabo.
• Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa particulate (Udukoko two mu bwoko bwa Physical Fouling): Uduce duto tw’ibinyabutabire nk’umucanga n’ingese mu mazi akoreshwa mu kugaburira amazi akenshi twinjira mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga bitewe n’uko amazi adatunganywa neza cyangwa ataratunganyijwe neza. Bigwa ku buso bw’urukiramende cyangwa ku mpande z’aho amashami ashyirwa.

2. Uburyo bwo kumenya niba isuku ari ngombwa

Muri rusange isuku irakenewe iyo sisitemu igaragaje ibi bikurikira:

• Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amazi mu kirere: Uruzi rw’amazi rusanzwe rugabanukaho 10% ~ 15% ugereranije n’urundi rwa mbere.
• Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko w'amaraso: Igabanuka ry'umuvuduko hagati y'ibice ryiyongera cyane (urugero, ku kigero kirenga 15%, cyangwa igabanuka ry'umuvuduko mu cyiciro cya mbere rirenze 0.25 MPa).
• Kugabanuka k'umunyu: Ubwiza bw'amazi yinjira mu mazi buragabanuka, aho umunyu ugenda neza wiyongeraho 10% ~ 15%.

3. Ibisubizo n'amabwiriza agenga isuku

Igisubizo cy'ingenzi cyo kwangiza membrane ni Isuku mu mwanya wayo (CIP), birimo gusukura umubiri no gukoresha imiti.

Isuku y'umubiri

Ikoreshwa cyane cyane mu gukuraho imyanda idafite umwuka mwiza ku ruhu rw'umubiri (urugero: imyanda yoroheje). Ikubiyemo gusukura amazi meza kandi afite umuvuduko muto, hakoreshejwe imbaraga zo gukata amazi kugira ngo yoze imyanda. Gusukura amazi avanze n'umwuka bishobora no gukoreshwa mu kongera ingaruka.

Gusukura imiti

Imiti ikoreshwa mu kunywesha igomba gutoranywa kugira ngo itembera neza mu mubiri no mu kuwunywesha hashingiwe ku bwoko bwihariye bw'umwanda:

• Ku bijyanye no gupima ibintu bidakomoka ku bimera: Koresha isukura aside (urugero, aside citric 0.2% ~ 1% cyangwa aside hydrochloric, pH igenzurwa kuri 2-3) kugira ngo ishongeshe neza karubone na okiside z'icyuma.
• Ku binyabutabire by’ibinyabuzima, Colloids, n’ibihumanya ibidukikije: Koresha isukura alkaline (urugero, 0.1% ~ 0.5% sodium hydroxide ivanze na surfactants cyangwa EDTA, pH igenzurwa kuri 10-12) kugira ngo ishongeshe umwanda urimo viscous hanyuma ikureho biofilms.
• Ku bijyanye no guhumanya ibidukikije: Gusukura alkali bikunze gukorwa mbere yo gukuraho umwanda ukomoka ku binyabuzima/ibinyabuzima, hanyuma hagakurikiraho gusukura aside kugira ngo hakurweho ubwandu bw’ibinyabutabire.

Uburyo busanzwe bwo gusukura

1. Koza mbere: Zimya sisitemu hanyuma usukemo amazi ku muvuduko muto ukoresheje RO winjiramo kugira ngo amazi asigaye asohoke muri module za membrane asohoke.
2. Gutegura no Gukwirakwiza Umuti: Tegura umuti wo gusukura ku gipimo cyagenwe. Uwushyire muri sisitemu ku muvuduko muto (ubusanzwe ≤0.2 ~ 0.3 MPa) no ku gipimo cya kabiri cy'umuvuduko usanzwe wo gusukura. Uzenguruke mu minota 30-60.
3. Kuroba: Hagarika gutembera kw'amazi hanyuma ureke umuti wo gusukura winjire mu ruhu rw'amazi mu gihe runaka (urugero: zenguruka iminota 10, hanyuma uhagarare hanyuma winjire mu minota 5) kugira ngo umuti winjire neza mu gice cy'amazi yanduye.
4. Nyuma yo koza: Kuramo amazi mu gikoresho cyo gusukura hanyuma woge neza icyuma gisukuye kugeza igihe pH y'amazi idafite aho ihuriye kandi nta furo cyangwa impumuro mbi irimo.
5. Igenzura ry'imikorere: Ongera utangire gukoresha sisitemu kugira ngo urebe niba amazi yinjira mu mazi n'umuvuduko wayo biri hasi, niba byarasubiye inyuma ku kigero kirenga 90% by'agaciro k'ibanze.

4. Inama zo kwirinda no kubungabunga buri gihe

• Kunoza uburyo bwo kuvura mbere y'uko uvurwa: Kunoza inzira zo kuvura mbere yo kuvurwa nko gufungana, kuyungurura no koroshya amazi kugira ngo amazi afungurwe neza. Igipimo cy’ubucucike bw’amazi (SDI) kiri
• Gusukura umubiri buri gihe: Niba ibintu bikwemereye, sukura amazi buri munsi ukoresheje umuvuduko muto kandi utemba cyane. Ibi bigira akamaro kuruta gutegereza ko amazi ahinduka mbere yo gusukura imiti.
• Igipimo gikwiye cy'imiti: Fata ingano ikwiye y'imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibimera, imiti igabanya ubukana bw'ibimera, n'imiti yihariye irwanya ubukana bw'ibimera hashingiwe ku bwiza bw'amazi yo mu biryo kugira ngo hirindwe ko byangirika no gukura kwa mikorobe.
• Imikorere isanzwe: Irinde ko sisitemu iremereye cyane. Buri gihe sukura sisitemu mbere yo kuzimya kugira ngo wirinde ko ibintu bihumanya bihagarara ku ruhu rw'umubiri.

⚠️ Amabwiriza yo kwirinda: Ntukigere ukoresha aside nyinshi cyangwa alkali nyinshi mu buryo butari bwo, cyangwa ngo wongere igihe cyo gusukura, kuko ibi byangiza urwego rw'umubiri rw'urukiramende. Niba isuku yo kuri interineti idakora neza cyangwa umwanda ukaba ukomeye cyane, tekereza gukuraho ibintu by'urukiramende kugira ngo ubikore mu buryo bw'umwuga mu isuku yo kuri interineti cyangwa ubyisimbuze burundu.