Ibisubizo rusange 25 byikibazo cya tekinoroji ya osmose membrane (Igice cya 4)

19. Ni izihe ngaruka za pH ku kigero cyo gukuraho, kubyara amazi, n'ubuzima bwa membrane?

Urutonde rwa pH ruhuye nibisubizo bya osmose yibicuruzwa muri rusange ni 2-11, kandi pH ntigira ingaruka nke kumikorere ya membrane ubwayo, nikimwe mubintu byingenzi bitandukanye nibindi bicuruzwa. Ariko, ibiranga ion nyinshi mumazi bigira ingaruka cyane kuri pH. Kurugero, iyo acide idakomeye nka acide citric iri mubihe bitari ionic mubihe bike bya pH, biratandukana kandi bigahinduka ionic kubiciro bya pH. Bitewe nurwego rwo hejuru rwurwego rumwe ion, igipimo cyo gukuraho membrane ni kinini. Niba urwego rwo kwishyuza ari ruto cyangwa ntarwo, igipimo cyo gukuraho membrane kiri hasi. Kubwibyo, pH igira ingaruka zikomeye ku gukuraho igipimo cyanduye.

20. Ni irihe sano riri hagati ya TDS y'amazi yinjira no gutwara neza?

Mugihe ubonye agaciro kinjira muri inlet, igomba guhindurwa agaciro ka TDS kugirango ishobore kwinjizwa mugihe cyo gukora software. Ku masoko menshi y’amazi, igipimo cyimikorere ya TDS kiri hagati ya 1.2 na 1.7. Igishushanyo cya ROSA, ikigereranyo cya 1.4 gikoreshwa mumazi yinyanja naho ikigereranyo cya 1.3 gikoreshwa muguhindura amazi meza, ubusanzwe bitanga igipimo cyiza cyo kugereranya.

21.Ni gute ushobora kumenya niba membrane yaranduye?

Ibikurikira nibimenyetso bisanzwe byanduye:

1. Mugihe cyumuvuduko usanzwe, umusaruro wamazi uragabanuka
2. Kugirango tugere ku musaruro usanzwe w’amazi, birakenewe kongera umuvuduko wimikorere v
3. Kugabanuka k'umuvuduko hagati yinjira n'amazi yibanze byiyongera kuri v
4. Uburemere bwibigize membrane byiyongera kuri v
5. Impinduka zikomeye mugipimo cyo gukuraho membrane (kwiyongera cyangwa kugabanuka)
6. Iyo ibice bivanywe mu cyombo cyumuvuduko, suka amazi kuruhande rwimbere rwibice bigize vertical membrane. Amazi ntashobora gutembera mubice bigize membrane kandi arengerwa gusa mumaso yanyuma (byerekana kuziba kwuzuye kumuyoboro winjira).

22. Nigute ushobora gukumira imikurire ya mikorobe imbere mubipfunyika byumwimerere bigize ibice?

Iyo igisubizo cyo gukingira gihindutse ibicu, birashoboka bitewe no gukura kwa mikorobe. Ibice bya Membrane birinzwe na sodium bisulfite bigomba kugenzurwa buri mezi atatu. Iyo igisubizo cyo gukingira kibaye igicu, ibice bigomba kuvanwa mumifuka yabitswe bifunze hanyuma bigashyirwa mubisubizo bishya birinda hamwe na 1% (kuburemere) ibiryo bya sodium bisulfite yo mu rwego rwo hejuru (bidakorwa na cobalt), bigashyirwa mugihe cyisaha 1, hanyuma bigashyirwaho kashe. Ibigize bigomba gukama mbere yo gusubiramo.

23. Nibihe bisabwa byinjira mumazi kubice bya RO membrane?

Mubyigisho, kwinjira muri sisitemu ya RO na IX ntibigomba kubamo umwanda ukurikira:

1. Ibihagarikwa byahagaritswe, colloide, calcium sulfate, algae, bagiteri, okiside, nka chlorine isigaye, nibindi
2. Amavuta cyangwa lipide (bigomba kuba munsi yumupaka wo hasi wigikoresho)
3. Chromium igizwe nibintu kama nicyuma kama
4. Okiside yicyuma nkibicuruzwa byangirika byicyuma, umuringa, na aluminium

23. Nibihe byanduye RO ishobora gukuramo?

RO membrane irashobora gukuraho neza ion nibintu kama. Ibinyuranyo bya osmose membrane ifite igipimo kinini cyo gukuraho kuruta nanofiltration membrane. Osmose isubiza inyuma irashobora gukuramo 99% byumunyu mumazi yo kugaburira, kandi igipimo cyo gukuraho ibintu kama mumazi yo kugaburira ni ≥ 99%.

24. Nigute ushobora kumenya uburyo bwo gukora isuku wakoresha sisitemu ya membrane?

Kugirango ugere ku ngaruka nziza yo gukora isuku, ni ngombwa cyane guhitamo ibikoresho byogusukura hamwe nintambwe zogusukura. Isuku itari yo irashobora kwangiza imikorere ya sisitemu. Muri rusange, kubijyanye n’imyanda ihumanya, birasabwa gukoresha ibisubizo byogusukura aside, mikorobe cyangwa imyanda ihumanya, hamwe nibisubizo byogusukura alkaline.

Kuki pH agaciro ka RO itanga amazi ari munsi ya pH agaciro kamazi akomeye?

Iyo uburinganire buri hagati ya CO2, HCO3-, na CO3 = bwumvikane, igisubizo cyiza kuri iki kibazo kirashobora kuboneka. Muri sisitemu ifunze, ugereranije nibiri muri CO2, HCO3-, na CO3 = biratandukanye nagaciro ka pH. Mugihe gito cya pH, CO2 ifite umubare munini, hamwe na HCO3- yiganjemo urwego ruciriritse rwa pH na CO3 = yiganje murwego rwo hejuru rwa pH. Bitewe nubushobozi bwa RO membrane yo gukuraho ion zishonga ariko ntizishire gaze, ibirimo CO2 mumazi yumusaruro wa RO mubusanzwe ni kimwe nubwa RO. Nyamara, HCO3- na CO3 = birashobora kugabanywa kenshi na 1-2 byubunini, bishobora guhagarika uburinganire hagati ya CO2, HCO3-, na CO3 = mubikomeye. Mu ruhererekane rw'ibisubizo, CO2 izahuza na H2O kugirango ikore ihererekanyabubasha rikurikira kugeza igihe hashyizweho uburinganire bushya.

Niba abifitemo uruhare barimo CO2, pH agaciro kamazi ya RO azahora agabanuka. Kuri sisitemu nyinshi za RO, pH agaciro ka revers osmose itanga amazi azagabanuka inshuro 1-2. Iyo alkalineite ikomeye na HCO3- biri hejuru, agaciro ka pH kumazi yakozwe azagabanuka cyane.

Umubare muto cyane wamazi yinjira, arimo CO2, HCO3- cyangwa CO3 =, bivamo guhinduka gake mubiciro bya pH byamazi yatanzwe. Mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe, hari amabwiriza agenga agaciro ka pH y’amazi yo kunywa, muri rusange kuva kuri 6.5 kugeza 9.0. Dukurikije uko tubyumva, ibi ni ukurinda kwangirika k'umuyoboro w'amazi. Kunywa amazi ya pH ubwayo ntabwo bizatera ibibazo byubuzima. Nkuko bizwi, ibinyobwa byinshi biboneka mubucuruzi bifite karubone bifite pH agaciro hagati ya 2 na 4.