ʻO ka wehewehe a me ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe

1. Ka wehewehe o ka wai maʻemaʻe

ʻO ka wai maʻemaʻe he mea hoʻohuihui ʻole me ke ʻano kemika H2O a me ka wai me kekahi ʻano. I loko o ka wai wai, ʻaʻole i loaʻa nā molekole wai ma ke ʻano he mau molekole pākahi, akā ma ke ʻano he pūʻulu o nā molekole wai (H2O) i hana ʻia e ka hoʻopaʻa ʻana i ka hydrogen. No laila, ʻo ka hoʻonohonoho ʻana a me ka neʻe ʻana o nā molekole wai e hoʻopili nui ʻia e nā molekole wai e hoʻopuni ana.

Mai kahi hiʻohiʻona hoʻonaʻauao, pili ka wai maʻemaʻe i ka wai me ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika kiʻekiʻe loa, i hoʻohana nui ʻia i nā kula e like me ka biomedicine, ka meaʻai a me ka mālama ʻana, ka ʻenekinia kemika, ka hana pololei, ka metallurgy a me ka mana, aerospace, electronic semiconductor, etc.

2. Hoʻohana i ka wai maʻemaʻe

ʻO ka wai maʻemaʻe e pili ana i ka wai i mālama ʻia e wehe i nā haumia, nā minerala, a me nā mea kūlohelohe, me ka maʻemaʻe ma mua o 99.9%. Nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wai maʻemaʻe i ke ola o kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ʻoihana.

Nui ka hoʻohana ʻana o ka wai maʻemaʻe i kēlā me kēia lā. Pono mākou i ka wai inu i kēlā me kēia lā, a ʻo ka wai maʻemaʻe kekahi o nā ʻano wai inu palekana a olakino. Hoʻopau ka wai maʻemaʻe i ka hapa nui o nā haumia a me nā minela, e pale pono i ko mākou olakino kino. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka kuke ʻana, ka holoi ʻana i nā maka, ka ʻauʻau ʻana, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe. I ka kuke ʻana, hiki i ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe ke hoʻonui i ka ʻono me ka ʻole o kona ʻono. Hiki i ka wai maʻemaʻe ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka ʻili a hoʻomaʻemaʻe maikaʻi i ka wā holoi maka a me ka ʻauʻau.

Loaʻa i ka wai maʻemaʻe ka nui o nā noi i ka ʻoihana. Nui nā kaʻina hana ʻoihana e pono ai ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka wai maʻemaʻe, e like me ka uila, semiconductors, pharmaceuticals, chemicals, a me nā ʻoihana ʻē aʻe. I nā ʻoihana uila a me semiconductor, hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe a me ka holoi ʻana i nā mea uila a me nā ʻāpana semiconductor. I loko o nā ʻoihana lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā kemika, hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe ma ke ʻano he solvent a me ka reactant no nā lāʻau lapaʻau a me nā hopena kemika. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka hana ʻana i ka pepa, ka paʻi ʻana, ke kala, ka hoʻoluʻu, a me nā mea ʻē aʻe.

Hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni a me ka noiʻi ʻepekema. Ma ke ʻano o ka mālama ʻana i ke kaiapuni, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe e hoʻomaʻemaʻe i ka wai a me ka wai ʻino, e hōʻemi ana i ka pollution wai. I ka noiʻi ʻepekema, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia ka wai maʻemaʻe no ka nānā ʻana i nā kemika a me nā hoʻokolohua biological i nā laboratories e hōʻoia i ka pololei o nā hopena hoʻokolohua.

ʻO ka wai maʻemaʻe ka nui o nā noi i kēlā me kēia lā a me ka ʻoihana. ʻAʻole hiki iā ia ke pale wale i ko mākou olakino kino, akā hoʻoikaika pū i ka hoʻomohala ʻana i ka hana ʻenehana a me ka noiʻi ʻepekema.