25 mau hoʻonā maʻamau o ka pilikia ʻenehana membrane reverse osmosis (Mahele 2)
- ʻO wai ka mea kūʻai aku i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe membrane a hāʻawi i nā lawelawe hoʻomaʻemaʻe?
Hiki i nā hui hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai ke hāʻawi i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe membrane kūikawā a me nā lawelawe hoʻomaʻemaʻe, a hiki i nā mea hoʻohana ke kūʻai aku i nā mea hoʻomaʻemaʻe no ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe membrane e like me nā manaʻo o nā hui membrane a i ʻole nā mea lako.
- He aha ka nui o ka ʻae ʻia o ka silica i loko o ka puka komo o ka membrane reverse osmosis?
ʻO ka nui o ka ʻae ʻia o ka silica e pili ana i ka mahana, ka pH, a me ka mea paʻi paona. ʻO ka maʻamau, ʻo 100ppm ka nui o ka ʻae ʻia i loko o ka wai paʻa me ka ʻole o ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka mea pale. Hiki i kekahi mau mea pa'i pālāki'i ke 'ae i ka 240ppm ki'eki'e loa o ka silica i loko o ka wai pa'a. E ʻoluʻolu e kamaʻilio me ka mea hoʻolako paʻi paona.
kiʻi
- He aha ka hopena o ka chromium ma nā membrane RO?
Hiki i kekahi mau metala koʻikoʻi e like me ka chromium ke hoʻokaʻawale i ka oxidation o ka chlorine, e alakaʻi ana i ka hoʻohaʻahaʻa hana ʻole o ka membrane. ʻO kēia no ka mea ʻoi aku ka ʻino o ka paʻa o Cr6+ i ka wai ma mua o ka Cr3+. Me he mea lā ʻoi aku ka ikaika o ka luku ʻana i nā ion metala me ka valence oxidation kiʻekiʻe. No laila, pono e ho'ēmiʻia ka manaʻo o ka chromium a iʻole ka liʻiliʻi Cr6 + pono e hoʻemiʻia i Cr3 + ma ka māhele mua o ka mālamaʻana.
- He aha ke ʻano o ka preprocessing e koi ʻia no nā ʻōnaehana RO?
ʻO ka ʻōnaehana pre-treatment maʻamau he kānana koʻikoʻi (~ 80 microns) e hoʻoneʻe i nā mea nui, hoʻohui i nā mea oxidants e like me ka sodium hypochlorite, a laila kānana pololei ʻana ma o kahi kānana multimedia a i ʻole ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa ʻana, e hoʻohui i nā mea oxidants e like me ka sodium bisulfite e hōʻemi i ke koena chlorine, a hope hoʻokomo i kahi kānana palekana ma mua o ke komo ʻana o ka paila kiʻekiʻe. ʻO ka hana o ka kānana palekana, e like me ka inoa i hōʻike ʻia, ʻo ia ke ʻano o ke ana palekana hope loa e pale aku ai i nā ʻāpana nui i ʻike ʻole ʻia mai ka hōʻino ʻana i ka impeller a me nā ʻāpana membrane o ka pahū kiʻekiʻe. ʻO nā kumu wai me nā kiʻekiʻe o nā mea paʻa i hoʻokuʻu ʻia e koi maʻamau i nā pae kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻomaʻamaʻa mua ʻana e hoʻokō i nā koi inflow i kuhikuhi ʻia; No nā kumu wai me ka paʻakikī kiʻekiʻe, ʻoi aku ka maikaʻi o ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka palupalu a i ʻole ka hoʻohui ʻana i ka waikawa a me nā mea paʻakikī. No nā kumu wai me nā mea microbial kiʻekiʻe a me nā mea kūlohelohe, pono pū kekahi i ke kalapona hoʻōla a i ʻole nā mea anti fouling membrane.
11. Hiki ke hoʻohuli i ka osmosis i nā microorganisms e like me nā maʻi maʻi a me nā huakini?
ʻOi loa ka osmosis hoʻohuli (RO) a he kiʻekiʻe loa kona neʻe ʻana no nā maʻi maʻi, bacteriophages, a me nā hua bacteria, ma ka liʻiliʻi he 3 mau lāʻau a ʻoi aku paha (ka hoʻoneʻe ʻana>99.9%). Eia nō naʻe, pono e hoʻomaopopo ʻia i nā manawa he nui, hiki i nā microorganism ke hana hou ma ka ʻaoʻao e hana ana i ka wai o ka membrane, e hilinaʻi nui ʻia i ka hui, ka nānā ʻana, a me nā ʻano mālama. I nā huaʻōlelo ʻē aʻe, hilinaʻi nui ka hiki o kahi ʻōnaehana e wehe i nā microorganism inā kūpono ka hoʻolālā ʻana o ka ʻōnaehana, ka hana, a me ka hoʻokele ma mua o nā waiwai o nā ʻāpana membrane ponoʻī.
- He aha ka hopena o ka wela ma ka hana wai?
ʻO ke kiʻekiʻe o ka mahana, ʻoi aku ka kiʻekiʻe o ka hana wai, a ʻo ka hope. I ka hana ʻana ma lalo o nā kūlana wela kiʻekiʻe, pono e hoʻohaʻahaʻa ʻia ke kaomi hana e mālama i ka hana wai like, a me ka hope. E ʻoluʻolu e nānā i nā mokuna pili no ka helu hoʻoponopono wela TCF no nā loli i ka hana wai.