Magani na gama gari 25 na matsalar fasahar osmosis membrane na baya (Sashe na 1)

Gabaɗaya, lokacin da daidaitaccen juzu'i ya ragu da 10-15%, ko ƙarancin ƙarancin tsarin ya ragu da 10-15%, ko matsa lamba na aiki da bambance-bambancen matsa lamba ya karu da 10-15%, tsarin RO yakamata a tsaftace shi. Mitar tsaftacewa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa matakin pretreatment na tsarin. Lokacin SDI15

1.Sau nawa ya kamata a tsaftace tsarin osmosis na baya?

Gabaɗaya, lokacin da daidaitaccen juzu'i ya ragu da 10-15%, ko ƙarancin ƙarancin tsarin ya ragu da 10-15%, ko matsa lamba na aiki da bambance-bambancen matsa lamba ya karu da 10-15%, tsarin RO yakamata a tsaftace shi. Mitar tsaftacewa yana da alaƙa kai tsaye zuwa matakin pretreatment na tsarin. Lokacin SDI15

2. Menene SDI?

Mafi kyawun fasaha don kimanta gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta a cikin tsarin RO / NF a halin yanzu don auna ma'auni mai yawa (SDI) na shigarwa, wanda shine muhimmin ma'auni wanda dole ne a ƙayyade kafin ƙirar RO. A lokacin aiki na RO / NF, dole ne a dauki ma'auni na yau da kullum (sau 2-3 a rana don ruwan saman). ASTM D4189-82 yana ƙayyadaddun ƙa'idodin wannan gwajin. Abubuwan da ake buƙata na ruwa mai shiga don tsarin membrane shine cewa ƙimar SDI15 dole ne ya zama ≤ 5. Hanyoyin fasaha masu mahimmanci don rage SDI pretreatment sun hada da multimedia filters, ultrafiltration, microfiltration, da dai sauransu. Ƙara wani dielectric polymeric kafin tacewa zai iya inganta wani lokacin da aka ambata a sama tacewa da kuma rage SDI darajar.

3.Ya kamata a yi amfani da tsarin osmosis na baya ko tsarin musayar ion don shigar da gaba ɗaya?

A ƙarƙashin yawancin yanayin shigowa, yin amfani da resin ion musayar resin ko baya osmosis abu ne mai yuwuwa a zahiri, kuma zaɓin tsari ya kamata a ƙayyade ta hanyar kwatanta tattalin arziki. Gabaɗaya, mafi girman abun ciki na gishiri, haɓakar osmosis na tattalin arziƙi shine, yayin da ƙarancin abun ciki na gishiri, ƙarin musayar ion ɗin tattalin arziki shine. Saboda yaɗuwar amfani da fasahar osmosis na baya, haɗuwa da tsarin musanya na osmosis + ion ko matakan juyi osmosis ko juye osmosis + wasu fasahohin lalata mai zurfi sun zama fasaha da aka sani da kuma ƙarin hanyoyin magance ruwa na tattalin arziki. Idan kuna buƙatar ƙarin fahimta, da fatan za a tuntuɓi wakilin kamfanin injiniyan kula da ruwa. Shekaru nawa ne za a iya amfani da abubuwan da aka gyara osmosis membrane gabaɗaya? Rayuwar sabis na membrane ya dogara da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, kwanciyar hankali na jiki na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, iya wankewa, tushen ruwa mai shiga, riga-kafi, mitar tsaftacewa, da matakin sarrafa aiki. Bisa ga nazarin tattalin arziki, yawanci fiye da shekaru 5.

Shekaru nawa ne za a iya amfani da abubuwan da aka gyara osmosis membrane gabaɗaya?

Rayuwar sabis na membrane ya dogara da kwanciyar hankali na sinadarai, kwanciyar hankali na jiki na abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, iya wankewa, tushen ruwa mai shiga, riga-kafi, mitar tsaftacewa, da matakin sarrafa aiki. Bisa ga nazarin tattalin arziki, yawanci fiye da shekaru 5.

4. Menene bambanci tsakanin reverse osmosis da nanofiltration?

Nanofiltration fasaha ce ta rabuwar ruwa ta membrane wacce ke tsakanin juyawa osmosis da ultrafiltration. Reverse osmosis zai iya cire mafi ƙarancin solute tare da nauyin kwayoyin ƙasa da 0.0001 micrometers, yayin da nanofiltration zai iya cire solutes tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta na kusan 0.001 micrometers. Nanofiltration shine ainihin nau'in jujjuyawar osmosis mara ƙarfi, ana amfani dashi a cikin yanayin da tsaftar ruwan da aka kula ba ta da ƙarfi musamman. Nanofiltration ya dace don magance ruwan rijiyar da ruwan sama. Nanofiltration ya dace da tsarin kula da ruwa wanda baya buƙatar ƙimar haɓaka mai yawa kamar reverse osmosis, amma suna da babban ikon cire abubuwan haɗin gwiwa, wani lokacin ana kiranta da "maɓalli masu laushi." Nanofiltration tsarin yana da ƙananan matsa lamba da ƙananan amfani da makamashi fiye da daidaitattun tsarin osmosis.

5.What ne rabuwa ikon membrane fasaha?

Reverse osmosis a halin yanzu shine mafi ingancin fasahar tace ruwa. Reverse osmosis membranes suna riƙe da ƙwayoyin inorganic irin su salts mai narkewa da abubuwa na halitta tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta fiye da 100. A gefe guda, kwayoyin ruwa na iya wucewa ta hanyar membranes osmosis da yardar kaina, kuma yawan cirewar gishiri mai narkewa shine>95-99%. Matsin aiki ya tashi daga mashaya 7 (100 psi) don ruwa mara nauyi zuwa mashaya 69 (1000 psi) don ruwan teku. Nanofiltration zai iya cire ƙazanta a cikin barbashi a 1nm (10A) da kwayoyin halitta tare da nauyin kwayoyin halitta fiye da 200-400. Yawan cirewar daskararrun daskararru shine 20-98%. Yawan cire gishiri mai ɗauke da anions monovalent (kamar NaCl ko CaCl2) shine 20-80%, yayin da gishiri mai ɗauke da anions divalent (kamar MgSO4) suna da ƙimar cirewa mafi girma na 90-98%. Ultrafiltration yana da tasirin rabuwa akan macromolecules mafi girma fiye da 100-1000 angstroms (0.01-0.1 micrometers). Duk gishiri mai narkewa da ƙananan ƙwayoyin cuta na iya wucewa ta cikin membranes na ultrafiltration, kuma abubuwan da za a iya cire sun haɗa da colloid, sunadarai, microorganisms, da macromolecular kwayoyin halitta. Matsakaicin nauyin riƙewa na mafi yawan ultrafiltration membranes daga 1000 zuwa 100000. Matsakaicin kawar da barbashi ta microfiltration shine kimanin 0.1-1 micrometers. Gabaɗaya, daskararrun daskararrun da aka dakatar da manyan colloids ana iya katse su don samar da manyan ƙwayoyin cuta da gishiri masu narkewa.